Motivation in theory and practice

• What is motivation according to Dwight D. Eisenhower?

  The art of getting people to do what they want
• Who is a motivational theorist that believed people are motivated by money?

  1. W. Taylor
• What did F.W. Taylor suggest to incentivize work?

  Financial rewards
• What is a key concept of Elton Mayo's experiments?

  Social interactions outside of work are important
• What did Elton Mayo conclude about worker motivation?

  Workers are motivated by better communication
• What are Herzberg's 'motivational' factors?

  Achievement, recognition, responsibility, challenge, promotion, growth
• What are Herzberg's 'hygiene' factors?

  Company policy, supervision, relations, work conditions
• What is the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

  Physiological needs
• What does self-actualisation mean in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Achieving full potential in their role
• What do self-esteem needs refer to in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Feeling confident and respected in work
• What are social needs according to Maslow?

  Feeling love and belonging within a group
• What do safety needs entail in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Job security and safety from job loss
• What are physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Basic needs required to live
• What is piece rate pay?

  Payment per task performed or unit completed
• What is commission in terms of financial incentives?

  Payment based on value of sales achieved
• What is a bonus in the context of financial incentives?

  Additional payment beyond basic wages
• What is profit share?

  Employees receive a share of business profits
• What does performance-related pay involve?

  Linking salary progression to performance
• What is job enrichment/rotation?

  Mixing up tasks to prevent boredom
• What does empowerment mean in a workplace context?

  Employees make independent decisions
• What does flexible working allow employees to do?

  Vary the amount, time, or location of work