Types of Conformity

• What is the real-life situation mentioned in the study material?

  Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam
• What problem have urinal designers been trying to solve?

  Splashback in male toilets
• What are some solutions that have been tried for splashback?

  Splashback screens, rubber mats, concave urinals
• What is a common issue in male toilets at airports?

  High cleaning costs due to splashback
• What does the quote from Reichardt suggest about male behaviour?

  They aim at objects in the urinal
• What is the ultimate goal of psychology mentioned in the material?

  To change behaviour
• What image was printed in the urinals at Schiphol Airport?

  A small image of a fly
• What percentage of men might aim towards the fly in the urinal?

  60–70%
• What savings in cleaning costs does the fly image represent?

  20% or more
• What is the Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) also known as?

  The "Nudge Unit"
• What is the purpose of the BIT?

  To apply nudge theory to improve policies
• What types of projects has the Nudge Unit devised?

  Organ donation, tax payment, charity giving
• What is the difference between Normative and Informational Social Influences?

  Normative is compliance; informational is internalisation
• What did Wesley Schultz et al. (2008) find about hotel guests?

  Printed messages encouraged energy saving
• What type of social influence is associated with compliance?

  Normative social influence
• What type of social influence is associated with internalisation?

  Informational social influence
• What did Emma do after making friends at university?

  Joined a campaign against animal research
• What did Sam do in response to his colleagues' views?

  Agreed with them despite his own opinion
• What did Jim do on his first day of college?

  Followed other students to a corridor
• What is internalisation in terms of conformity?

  Publicly and privately agreeing with a group
• What is identification in terms of conformity?

  Conforming to a social role temporarily
• What is compliance in terms of conformity?

  Publicly changing behaviour while privately disagreeing
• What are the three types of conformity according to Kelman (1958)?

  1. Compliance
  2. Internalisation
  3. Identification
• What is the definition of Normative Social Influence?

  Going along with others to be accepted
• What is the definition of Informational Social Influence?

  Copying others because they know more
• What is the definition of Normative Social Influence in terms of looking at others?

  Looking to see what others do to avoid being wrong
• What is the definition of Informational Social Influence in terms of behaviour?

  Doing what others do to be liked
• What task is assigned for homework?

  Print off research methods lesson notes