magnetism & electromagnetism

• What are the two types of poles in magnets?

  North and South Poles
• What happens when same poles of magnets are brought together?

  They repel each other
• What occurs when opposite poles of magnets are brought together?

  They attract each other
• What are induced magnets?

  Materials that are magnetic but not fixed poles
• How can induced magnets become temporary magnets?

  By stroking them with a permanent magnet
• What happens when domains in a material align in the same direction?

  A temporary magnet is created
• Which materials can become induced magnets?

  Iron, Nickel, Cobalt
• How do magnetic field lines behave?

  They point from North to South
• What happens to magnetic field strength with distance from the magnet?

  Strength decreases with distance
• In which direction do magnetic field lines point?

  Toward the south pole and away from north
• What tool can be used to visualize magnetic field direction?

  Plotting compasses
• What is the Earth's core's role in magnetism?

  It creates a large magnetic field
• How does a magnetic compass behave in relation to Earth's magnetic field?

  It aligns with Earth's field lines and points North

  
• Where does a compass point instead of the Geographic North Pole?

  Over North Canada
• Why is Earth's magnetic pole above Canada considered a magnetic South Pole?

  Because like poles repel each other
• What does current produce around a wire?

  A magnetic field
• What dictates the direction of the magnetic field produced by current?

  The right hand grip rule

  
• How can plotting compasses demonstrate the magnetic field around a wire?

  By showing direction through paper pierced by wire

  
• What happens to the strength of the magnetic field with greater current?

  The magnetic field becomes stronger
• How does distance from the wire affect the magnetic field strength?

  Greater distance weakens the field
• What shape does the magnetic field of a solenoid resemble?

  Similar to a bar magnet
• How does coiling wire affect the magnetic effect in a solenoid?

  It aligns the field to form a giant single field
• What factors affect the strength of a solenoid's magnetic field?

  Current size, length, area, turns, core type
• What is the motor effect?

  Interaction of two magnetic fields causing force
• How do a magnet and a wire interact?

  They exert a force due to their magnetic fields
• What happens to the wire when it interacts with the magnetic field between two magnets?

  The wire is pushed away at right angles
• How can the interaction of fixed permanent magnets and a wire be visualized?

  Using field lines along the x-axis
• What does Fleming’s Left Hand Rule help determine?

  The unknown factor among force, current, and field
• What does conventional current refer to?

  Current moving opposite to electron flow
• What is the formula for force in Fleming's Left Hand Rule?

  F = BIL
• What is Magnetic Flux Density measured in?

  Tesla
• How do electric motors operate?

  Coil of wire rotates between fixed magnets

  
• What is induced when there is relative movement between a conductor and a magnetic field?

  A potential difference across the conductor
• What happens if the magnetic field changes during electromagnetic induction?

  A current flows if there's a complete circuit
• What does the induced current produce during electromagnetic induction?

  Its own magnetic field opposing the change
• What causes a potential difference in a dynamo?

  The wire cutting through the magnetic field
• What happens when a coil is connected to a split ring commutator in a dynamo?

  Current remains positive after each half-rotation
• How does an alternator produce AC?

  By rotating a coil in a magnetic field
• What happens in a transformer with AC in the first coil?

  It creates a changing magnetic field
• What type of current is induced in the secondary coil of a transformer?

  Alternating current (AC)