Nervous system

• What is another name for a nerve cell?

  Neuron
• How are neurons adapted to carry electrical impulses?

  They are long, thin, and have branch connections
• What is the function of a synapse in neuron communication?

  It connects nerve cells for impulse transmission
• How does the electrical impulse continue after crossing a synapse?

  It triggers another electrical impulse in the next neuron
• What is the central nervous system made up of?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What type of information do sensory neurons carry?

  Information about changes in the body
• What do motor neurons do in the nervous system?

  They send impulses from the CNS to effectors
• What are effectors generally in the nervous system?

  Muscles or glands
• What is a reflex arc?

  A nerve pathway for unconscious reflexes
• Why are reflexes beneficial for organisms?

  They allow rapid and automatic responses
• What is the role of the relay neuron in a reflex arc?

  It transfers impulses within the spinal cord
• How does the signal pass between neurons?

  Through synapses where signals convert chemically
• What happens at the synapse during signal transmission?

  The electrical signal converts to a chemical signal
• What are the two organ systems involved in communication within the body?

  The nervous system and the endocrine system
• What is the function of a synapse in neuron communication?

  It connects two nerve cells for impulse transfer
• What happens when an electrical impulse reaches the end of a nerve cell?

  It causes the release of chemicals across the synapse
• What is the role of sensory neurons in the central nervous system?

  They carry information from receptors to the CNS
• What does CNS stand for?

  Central Nervous System
• What type of information do sensory neurons carry?

  Information about changes in the body
• How does the nervous system respond to changes in the environment?

  • Detects changes through sensory neurons
  • Processes information in the CNS
  • Sends impulses via motor neurons to effectors
• What happens when you touch a hot object?

  A reflex arc causes your hand to withdraw
• What is the role of receptor cells in the reflex arc?

  They detect stimuli like pressure or heat
• What does the sensory neuron do in a reflex arc?

  It carries the impulse to the spinal cord
• What is the function of the relay neuron in a reflex arc?

  It transfers the impulse within the spinal cord
• What does the motor neuron do in a reflex arc?

  It sends impulses to the effector
• What happens at the synapses between neurons?

  The electrical signal converts to a chemical signal