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• ANATOMY

  • Located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum.
• It is separated from the other mediastinal structures by a tough membrane known as the pericardium and sits in its own space called the pericardial cavity
• protects the heart (proximate to the lungs so important that it has covering since it is expanding an contracting)
• *no covering = friction between organs = inflammation
• *pericardial fluid (maintains smooth contraction of the heart)
• The right side of the heart is deflected anteriorly
• • the left side is deflected posteriorly.
• Base → Superior surface of the heart
• Apex → Inferior tip of the heart
• Upper Chambers = Atrium;
• Lower Chambers = Ventricle
• Fightingggg Erii
• Right Atrium = receives deoxygenated blood mainly coming from great vessels of body
• (Superior Vena Cava = upper extremities
• • Inferior Vena Cava = lower extremities.
• Tricuspid valve = Passage way of blood  from right atrium to right ventricle
• Pulmonic/Pulmonary valve = Passage way of blood from right ventricle to lungs (*will pass the pulmonary artery)
• Vein = Deoxygenated blood
• ; Artery = Oxygenated Blood
• pulmonary artery = carries deoxygenated blood so that it carries the blood to the lungs so it can be perfused to be oxygenated
• *Diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli to the pulmonary artery = oxygenated blood
• *Oxygenated blood goes back to the heart via the pulmonary vein
• Pulmonary Artery = Deoxygenated blood;
•  Pulmonary Vein = Oxygenated blood
• Another exception = Fetal Circulation
• Umbilical artery = deoxygenated
• Umbilical vein = oxygenated
• Left Atrium = Oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein goes back to the heart via the Left Atrium
• Bicuspid/Mitral Valve = Passage way of blood from left atrium to the left ventricle
• • Left Ventricle = Pumps blood to the systemic circulation (Aorta) but passes valve first
• Aortic Valve = Passage way of blood from left ventricle to Aorta
• • Aorta = Send blood to different parts of the body
• Tricuspid valve (right side)
• Mitral valve (left side)
• Cusps: flexible flaps of endocardium reinforced with connective tissue.
• Chordae tendineae: collagen cords that anchor the cusps to papillary muscles.
• Papillary muscles: nipplelike structures that protrude from the ventricular walls into the ventricular cavity
• Pulmonary Valve (between right ventricle and Pulmonary Artery)
• Aortic Valve (between left ventricle and Aorta)
• Composed of: three pocketlike, half-moon shaped cusps.