Animal Diversity Part I

Cards (27)

  • What event is described as the origin of modern animals?
    The Cambrian explosion
  • What hypothesis suggests the ancestor of the earliest animals was a colonial protist?
    The colonial flagellate hypothesis
  • What evidence supports the relationship between sponges and colonial flagellates?
    Genetic and molecular evidence
  • What do sponges lack that makes them not true animals?
    Tissues and organs
  • What is the larval stage of sponges?
    Free living stage
  • What does it mean for adult sponges to be sessile?
    They are non-moving and anchored
  • What are the two groups of animals in clade Metazoa?
    Radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry
  • What is the phylum associated with animals that have radial symmetry?
    Phylum Cnidaria
  • What type of tissue organization do Cnidarians have?
    Distinct tissues but no organs
  • How many tissue layers do Cnidarians have?
    Two tissue layers
  • What are the two basic body plans of Cnidarians?
    Polyp and Medusa
  • What is the typical shape of a Medusa?
    Shaped like an umbrella
  • What is the main function of the gastrovascular cavity in Cnidarians?
    Digestion and gas exchange
  • What type of symmetry do animals in clade Bilateria exhibit?
    Bilateral symmetry
  • What does cephalization refer to in bilateral organisms?
    Development of a head region with sense organs
  • What are the three germ layers in triploblastic animals?
    Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
  • What are the three categories of body cavities in animals?
    Acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, coelomates
  • How do acoelomates differ from pseudocoelomates?
    Acoelomates have no body cavity
  • What is the clade that includes protostome animals?
    Clade Lophotrochozoa
  • What is a lophophore?
    A crown of ciliated tentacles
  • What is the phylum of flatworms?
    Phylum Platyhelminthes
  • What type of body cavity do flatworms have?
    They are acoelomates
  • What is the digestive system of flatworms like?
    Incomplete with one opening
  • How do flatworms respire?
    By diffusion across the body surface
  • What is a notable ability of flatworms?
    Incredible regeneration capabilities
  • What are the three tissue layers in flatworms?
    Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm
  • How can you identify a protostome from a deuterostome?
    By examining embryonic development patterns