sarcoidosis

• What is formed in sarcoidosis?

  Non-caseating granulomas
• Which gender is more commonly affected by sarcoidosis?

  Women
• Which ethnic origin is more commonly affected by sarcoidosis?

  Black ethnic origin
• What is the most common presentation of sarcoidosis?

  Erythema nodosum
• What is lupus pernio associated with?

  Sarcoidosis
• What eye condition is associated with sarcoidosis?

  Uveitis
• What is a common finding in investigations for sarcoidosis?

  Hypercalcaemia

  raised ESR
• What is a characteristic finding on CXR for sarcoidosis?

  Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
• What is found in biopsy for sarcoidosis?

  Non-caseating granulomas
• What are the two syndromes associated with sarcoidosis and their features?

  1. Lofgren’s syndrome:

  • Bilateral hilar adenopathy
  • Erythema nodosum
  • Polyarthralgia

  1. Mikulicz syndrome:

  • Enlargement of parotid and lacrimal glands
  • Dry mouth
  • Associated with sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, lymphoma

  1. Heerfordt’s syndrome (uveoparotid fever):

  • Parotid enlargement
  • Fever
  • Uveitis secondary to sarcoidosis
• What are the features of Lofgren’s syndrome?

  Bilateral hilar adenopathy, erythema nodosum, polyarthralgia
• What is the first syndrome associated with sarcoidosis?

  Lofgren’s syndrome
• What is Mikulicz syndrome characterized by?

  Enlargement of parotid and lacrimal glands
• What is Heerfordt’s syndrome also known as?

  Uveoparotid fever
• What is the management for mild sarcoidosis?

  Conservative management
• What is the first-line treatment for sarcoidosis?

  Oral steroids
• How long is the typical course for oral steroids in sarcoidosis?

  6-12 months
• What medication is used as a second-line treatment for sarcoidosis?

  Methotrexate
• What is a treatment option for severe pulmonary disease in sarcoidosis?

  Lung transplant
• What is the prognosis of sarcoidosis?

  Mortality <10%