of the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12), the 1st looks much like C7 + the last 4 show a progression toward lumbar vertebral structure
the thoracic vertebrae increase in size from the 1st to last
all thoracic vertebrae articulate w the ribs
Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae - Demifacets
body = heart-shaped
typically bears 2 small facets - demifacets - on each side
one at the superior edge = superior costal facet
one at the inferior edge = inferior costal facet
the demifacets receive the heads of the ribs
Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae - Processes
vertebral foramen is circular
spinous process is long + points downward
w the exception of T11 + T12, the transverse processes have facets, the transverse costal facets, that articulate w the tubercules (small rounded processes of the ribs)
Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae - Articular Facets
the superior + inferior articular facets lie mainly in the frontal plane
= a situation that limits flexion + extension, but which allows the region of the spine to rotate
lateral flexion, though possible, is restricted by the ribs
Thoracic Vertebrae
articulating surfaces + processes of thoracic vertebrae
