Infection and response

• What is pathogens 


  Microorganisms
• What is a communicable disease

  can spread to one person to another by pathogens
• What are bacteria

  Very small living cells
• How does bacteria make you feel ill

  By producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues
• Are viruses cells

  No
• Viruses can

  ReProduce quickly inside your body
• How does viruses make u feel ill

  They live inside your cells + replocate themselves using the cells machinery to produce many copies the cells then burst this cell damage makes u feel ill
• What are protists

  Single- celled eukaryotes
• Some protists are

  Parasites
• What are parasites

  They live on or inside other organisms and can cause damage , they are often transferred to the organisms by a vector , which doesn’t get the disease itself
• Pathogens can be spread in different ways

  • water
  • Air
  • Direct contact
• Name the three viral diseases

  • measles
  • HIV
  • Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
• How are measles spread

  By droplets from an infected persons sneeze or cough
• Symptoms of measles

  Red rash and signs of fever
• Measles can be very

  Fatal
• How can you treat measles

  Vaccinations- most people are vaccinated against it
• How is HIV spread

  by sexual contact or by exchanging bodily fluids such as blood - when ppl share needles when taking drugs
• What are the symptoms of HIV

  Causes a flu-like symptom for a few weeks , usually there person doesnt experience anything for several years during this time HIV can be cured by antiretroviral drugs - these stop the virus from replicating
• What does HIV attack

  The immune system
• What does tobacco mosaic virus affect

  Mainly species of plants e.g. tomatoes
• Symptoms of TMV

  causes a mosaic pattern on the leaves of the plants - parts of the leaves become discoloured
• What does the discolouration on plants due to TMV mean

  That photosynthesis can’t be carried out by the plant
• Fungal disease example

  rose black spots