Statistics

• What are the two main types of data in statistics?

  Discrete and Continuous Data
• What is discrete data?

  Data that can only take specific values
• What is continuous data?

  Data that can take any value within a range
• What is a cumulative frequency polygon used for?

  Visualizing cumulative frequency data
• What is the purpose of a histogram?

  To represent frequency distributions of data
• What is cumulative frequency?

  Running total of frequencies of each class
• Why is cumulative frequency useful for discrete data?

  It helps visualize data trends effectively
• What is a population in statistics?

  Everyone/everything you want to collect data from
• What is a sample?

  A selection of people from the population
• What is a sampling frame?

  The list of people for sampling
• What is a sampling unit?

  One member of the population
• What is quantitative data?

  Numerical observations of measurements
• What is discrete data in quantitative terms?

  Values on a discrete numerical scale
• What is continuous data in quantitative terms?

  Values that can take any value within a range
• What is ordinal data?

  Data that can be ordered without equal gaps
• What is nominal data?

  Data that is categorized but not ordered
• How is systematic sampling conducted?

  Selecting every nth member from the population
• What is random sampling?

  Every member has an equal chance of selection
• What is a questionnaire?

  A list of questions to gather information
• What is an interview?

  A one-to-one discussion with pre-planned questions
• What is an experiment in data collection?

  A way to control variables to test a hypothesis
• What is observation in data collection?

  Watching and recording behavior
• What is a database?

  A collection of information for easy access
• What is grouped data?

  Data organized into ranges of values
• What must be ensured when grouping data?

  Groups must be mutually exclusive and exhaustive
• What is stratified sampling?

  Dividing population into groups for sampling
• What is proportionate stratified sampling?

  Sample size is proportionate to group size
• What is disproportionate stratified sampling?

  Sample size is the same in each stratum
• What are the methods of collecting data in statistics?

  • Questionnaire: List of questions for information
  • Interview: One-to-one discussion with questions
  • Experiment: Control variables to test hypotheses
  • Observation: Watching and recording behavior
  • Database: Collection of information for access
• What are the types of data in statistics?

  • Quantitative: Numerical observations
  • Discrete: Specific values
  • Continuous: Any value in a range
  • Qualitative: Categorical data
  • Ordinal: Ordered without equal gaps
  • Nominal: Categorized without order
• What are the sampling methods in statistics?

  • Systematic Sampling: Every nth member selected
  • Random Sampling: Equal chance for all members
  • Stratified Sampling: Groups divided for sampling
  • Proportionate: Sample size based on group size
  • Disproportionate: Equal sample size across groups