midterm

• What is Urbanization?

  The (rapid) growth of cities
• What was the low quality housing for mass amount of poeple called?

  Tenements
• Who photographed the slums of New York and created the book How the Other Half Lives?

  Jacob Riis
• What movement encouraged people to start settlement houses, YMCA, and The Salvation Army?

  Social Gospel Movement
• What is it called to have a method of moving large amount of people around areas on fixed routes?

  Mass Transit
• What were some (at least 2) of the problems the cities faced with mass urbanization?

  Lack of clean drinking water, increased crime, increase threat of fire, unsanitary conditions
• What city first started using streetcars in 1873?

  San Francisco 
• What city first started using subways in 1897?

  Boston
• Chlorination was introduce in 1908 to improve what type of system?

  Water Filtration
• What is a group that controls a political party in a city called?

  A Political Machine
• What philosophy emerged around this time that viewed the poor as less than and not as worthy of life?

  Social Darwinism
• Who ran the Tammany Hall Political Machine?

  William Tweed (Boss Tweed)
• Who was the political cartoonist who helped expose The Tammany Hall Scandal and was influenced by St. Nicholas when making Santa Claus?

  Thomas Nast
• What is the name of the system of giving people jobs in government after they supported the victories candidate?

  Spoils system
• What European nation does the U.S. Defeat to take the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cuba?

  Spain
• The Us buying Alaska from Russia in 1867 was called what?

  Seward's Folly
• What now US State was taken over by American Companies and joined the United States as a territory in 1898

  Hawaii
• What type of Journalism focused on sensationalism and embellished language to cause specific reactions during this time period?

  Yellow Journalism
• What was the name of the type of Diplomacy that Woodrow Wilson enacted as president that did not allow him to work with oppressive governments?


  Missionary Diplomacy
• What person was the leader of the 1st volunteer Calvary in the Spanish American War and helped take control of Santiago de Cuba?

  Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt
• What was the ship that sunk in the port of Havanna?

  The USS Maine
• What did America get in return for helping Panama get independence?

  the Panama Canal
• What country did the US force to give Panama Independence?

  Columbia
• What is the type of Diplomacy that involved companies giving loans to local governments to get involved when the debt could not be paid back?

  Dollar Diplomacy
• What is the ban of the sale of Alcohol called?

  Prohibition
• Who became a chief inspector of Factories in Illioins and helped get the Illinois Factory Act passed?

  Florence Kelley
• Give the definition of each term:

  1. Initiative

  2. Referendum

  3. Recall

  •Initiatives: Bills proposed by the public

  •Referendum: Public vote on initiatives

  •Recall: Vote to remove a public official from office
• What type of journalism involved exposing corrupt business practices and harsh working conditions?

  Muckrakering (journalists are called muckrackers)
• What is the 17th Amendment?

  Senators are publicly elected
• Who was president for the Spanish American War

  William McKinley
• What president had the square Deal?

  Teddy Roosevelt
• What was the 16th Amendment?

  The introduction of a graduated income tax
• Who adopted the gold standard?

  William McKinley
• Who are the four progressive presidents?

  McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson
• What was Wilson's reforms called?

  New Freedom
• Why was Taft inconsistent on Progressive policies

  He decreased taxes but he removed reserved lands and put them into public use.
• What movie was supported by Wilson that is credited with helping restart the KKK?

  The Birth of the Nation
• Who assassinated William McKinley?

  Leon Czolgosz
• Who was the youngest man to serve as president?

  Teddy Roosevelt
• What is the name of the 2 main acts that helped protect consumers under Teddy Roosevelt?

  Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act