Newtons 1st & 2nd Laws

• What are Newton's first and second laws of motion about?

  They describe motion and forces acting on objects
• What does Newton's first law state about resultant force?

  A resultant force is needed to change motion
• What happens to a stationary object if the resultant force is zero?

  The object remains stationary
• What occurs if the resultant force on a moving object is zero?

  The object continues moving at the same velocity
• What does Newton's second law state about non-zero resultant force?

  It causes the object to accelerate
• What does "non-zero" mean in the context of forces?

  Anything other than zero
• If a particle has unbalanced forces acting on it, what direction will it accelerate?

  In the direction of the resultant force
• What can happen to an object when it accelerates to the right?

  It can start moving, speed up, or change direction
• How is acceleration defined in physics?

  Change in velocity divided by change in time
• Why does the moon accelerate even with constant speed in its orbit?

  Its direction is constantly changing
• What force acts on the moon to keep it in orbit?

  The gravitational pull of the Earth
• What does the size of the resultant force relate to in Newton's second law?

  It is directly proportional to the acceleration
• What is the equation for Newton's second law?

  F = m a
• How do you calculate the resultant force if given two opposing forces?

  Subtract the smaller force from the larger
• If a particle has a mass of 0.25 kg and a resultant force of 12 N, what is its acceleration?

  $48 \text{ m/s}^2$
• What is inertia in relation to Newton's first law?

  The tendency for motion to remain unchanged
• How is inertial mass defined?

  It measures difficulty in changing velocity
• How do you calculate inertial mass?

  Divide force by acceleration
• What does a large mass indicate about inertia?

  It requires a large force to change velocity
• What is the relationship between mass and inertia?

  A larger mass means greater inertia
• What are the key concepts of Newton's first and second laws of motion?

  • First Law: Resultant force needed to change motion
  • Second Law: Non-zero resultant force causes acceleration
  • Inertia: Tendency to maintain current motion
• What are the effects of acceleration on an object's motion?

  • Starts moving if stationary
  • Speeds up if moving in the same direction
  • Slows down if moving in the opposite direction
  • Changes direction without changing speed
• What is the significance of circular motion in relation to acceleration?

  • Constant speed with changing direction
  • Acceleration occurs due to direction change
  • Gravitational force acts perpendicular to motion
• How does the resultant force affect acceleration?

  • Directly proportional relationship
  • Larger force results in larger acceleration
  • Smaller force results in smaller acceleration
• What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

  • F = m a
  • Force equals mass times acceleration
  • Inertia affects how force changes motion