Lifestyle and Diseases

• What are non-communicable diseases?

  Diseases that cannot be passed from person to person and are not caused by pathogens.
• Why are non-communicable diseases significant in the UK?

  They account for the majority of deaths in the UK.
• What are the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases?

  • Diet high in fat and low in vegetables
  • High salt intake
  • Smoking
  • Lack of regular exercise
• What is a major dietary risk factor for coronary heart disease?

  A diet high in fat and low in vegetables.
• How does a high salt diet affect cardiovascular health?

  It can increase blood pressure.
• How does smoking affect the risk of cardiovascular diseases?

  It massively increases the risk.
• What is the relationship between exercise and cardiovascular disease risk?

  It decreases the risk.
• What is the single greatest cause of death by cancer in the UK?

  Lung cancer.
• What are carcinogens?

  Substances that can trigger cancer.
• What are the effects of smoking during pregnancy?

  It can harm the unborn baby.
• How does alcohol consumption during pregnancy affect the baby?

  It can cause fetal alcohol syndrome.
• What are the risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption in adults?

  • Liver cirrhosis
  • Liver cancer
  • Brain addiction
  • Memory loss
• What condition is rapidly increasing in the UK?

  Type 2 diabetes.
• What is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?

  Obesity.
• How can risk factors interact to increase disease risk?

  They can compound each other, increasing overall risk.
• What is radon and its associated risk?

  Radon is a radioactive gas that increases the risk of developing lung cancer.
• What lifestyle factors can harm an unborn baby?

  • Smoking
  • Drinking alcohol