experimental design

• What are the different types of experimental designs used in psychology?

  • Repeated Measures
  • Independent Groups
  • Matched Pairs
• What is an experimental design?

  A set of procedures to control factors
• What does Independent Groups Design entail?

  Different participants for each condition
• How does a Repeated Measures Design work?

  Each participant takes part in all conditions
• What is a Matched Pairs Design?

  Pairs matched on key variables are used
• What is the purpose of random allocation in Independent Groups Design?

  To evenly distribute participant characteristics
• What is a strength of Independent Groups Design regarding demand characteristics?

  Less chance of guessing the study's purpose
• What is a weakness of Independent Groups Design related to participant numbers?

  More participants are needed for each condition
• What are order effects in Repeated Measures Design?

  Results affected by the order of conditions
• What is counterbalancing used for?

  To control order effects in experiments
• What is a strength of Matched Pairs Design regarding order effects?

  No order effects due to different participants
• What is a weakness of Matched Pairs Design related to matching participants?

  Matching all variables is often impossible
• What is the example given for Repeated Measures Design?

  Testing mood before and after caffeine
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Repeated Measures Design?

  Strengths:

  • Fewer participants needed
  • Controls participant variables

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Demand characteristics
  • Order effects
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Matched Pairs Design?

  Strengths:

  • No order effects
  • Reduced demand characteristics

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Time-consuming to match
  • Difficult to match all variables