SCI-3RD-SUM

• Based on Frequency of Eruption

  1. Extinct Volcanoes
  2. Dormant Volcanoes
  3. Active Volcanoes
• Extinct Volcanoes

  -dead volcano; not likely to erupt again; no magma supplies

  Example:

  -Mount Butay in Camiguin

  -Mount Batulao in Nasugbu
• Dormant Volcanoes

  -have not erupted for a very long time or at least 1000 years but may erupt at a future time

  Examples:

  -Mt. Arayat (Pampanga)

  -Mt. Makiling (Laguna)
• Active Volcano

  -have a recent history of eruptions; they are likely to erupt again

  Examples:

  -Mt. Taal (Batangas)

  -Mt. Pinatubo (Zambales)

  -Mt. Mayon (Albay)
• What is this type of Volcano?

  COMPOSITE/STRATOVOLCANO

  
• VEI

  VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY INDEX
• What is this type of Volcano?

  SHIELD VOLCANO

  
• Based on Volcanic Features

  1. Composite Volcanoes
  2. Shield Volcanoes
  3. Cinder Cone Volcanoes
• What is this type of Volcano?

  CINDER CONE VOLCANO

  
• Composite Volcano

  -highly vicious

  -slow-moving lava

  -most dangerous

  -nearly perfect slope

  -Eruptions from composite volcanoes can be flowing lava or explosions. The explosive eruptions come from the trapped gases and produce cinders and ash.
• Examples of Composite Volcanoes


  -Mt. St. Helens (Washington, USA)

  -Mt. Pinatubo (Zambales, Tarlac, Pampanga)

  -Krakatau (Indonesia)

  -Mt. Fuji (Japan)

  -Mt. Mayon (Albay)

  -Mt. Matutum (South Cotabato)
• Composite Volcano 


  Shape: Tall, steep, and symmetrical

  Size: Up to 8,000 ft (2,400 meters)

  Materials: Lava and Pyroplastics

  Eruption Type: Explosive Eruption Type
• Shield Volcano


  Shape: Tall and Broad

  Size: Up to over 30,000 ft (9,000 meters)

  Materials: Mostly Lava

  Eruption Type: Quiet Eruption Type
• Cinder Cone Volcano


  Shape: Symmetrical Shape

  Size: Up to 12,000 ft (370 Meters)

  Materials: Cinder and Pyroplastics

  Eruption Type: Explosive Eruption Type
• Shield Volcano


  • Non-vicious lava
  • Lava does not shoot up high in the air usually low, broad and in dome shape
  • Since the magma is very fluid, the lava coming out of the volcano tends to flow great distances.
• Examples of Shield Volcanoes


  -Mauna Lao in Hawaii

  -Mt. Kilauea in Hawaii

  -Mt. Kanlaon
• Cinder Cone Volcano


  -formed by fluid lava

  -steep slope, wide crater

  -most abundant type

  -Eruptions are short-lived and appear like wild fountain of fiery lava. A kind of volcano that are usually only active for short time and then become dormant (inactive)
• Examples of Cinder Cone Volcanoes


  -Paricutin Volcano in Mexico

  -Mount Fox in Australia

  -Lava Butte

  -Sunset crater
• Plateau Basalt Volcano

  ·        Spills lava over a wide land

  ·        Appears like a staircase

  ·        Lava is very liquid

  ·        Quiet Eruption
• Example of Plateau Basalt Volcano

  -Deccan Traps in India
• Lava Dome Volcano

  ·        Formed by piling lava around vent

  ·        Vicious, sticky lava

  ·        Slope that is usually steep
• Example of Lava Dome Volcano


  -Amorong in Philippines
• Spatter and Tuff Cones Volcano

  ·        Simplest volcanic formation

  ·        Parasitic cones from side vents

  ·        Spatter cones form when lava are piled up around the vent

  ·        Tuff cones formed near water
• Examples of Spatter and Tuff Cones Volcano

  -Cones in Galapagos Island
• Based on Location


  -Continental Volcanoes

  -Submarine Volcanoes

  -Glacial Volcanoes
• Continental Volcanoes


  Continental volcanoes form when one tectonic plate moves under another
• Submarine Volcanoes


  Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt.
• Glacial Volcano


  A glacial volcano, also known as a glaciovolcano, is a volcanic form produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a glacier or ice sheet which is then melted into a lake by the rising lava.
• Signs of an Impending Volcanic Eruption

  -Crater glow due to presence of magma at or near the crater.

  -Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes with rumbling sounds.

  -Localized landslides, rock falls and landslides from the summit area which are not attributable to heavy rains.

  -Increase in the temperature of hot springs, wells and crater lake near the volcano.

  -Drying up of springs/wells around the volcano.
• Types of Volcanic Eruptions

  Magmatic Eruptions

  1. Hawaiian Eruption
  2. Strombolian Eruption
  3. Vulcanian Eruption
  4. Pelean Eruption
  5. Plinian Eruption
• Types of Volcanic Eruptions

  Eruptions in contact with water

  1. Phreatic Eruption
  2. Phreatomagmatic Eruption
  3. Surtseyan Eruption
• Hawaiian Eruption


  -Hawaiian eruption that is the calmest types of volcanic characterized events, by the effusive eruption of very type fluid lavas basaltwith low gaseous content.
• Strombolian Eruption


  -eruption is a weak to violent eruption causing a shower or fountain of lava fragments.

  -Strombolian eruptions are short lived explosive eruptions.

  -Strombolian eruptions usually produce little or no lava. Because of this the cones that are produced by this type of eruption is a very steep sided cone called a cinder cone.
• Examples of Strombolian Eruptions


  -Stromboli, Italy

  -Irazu Volcano, Costa Rica
• Vulcanian Eruption


  -Vulcanian eruptions are more violent and explosive than strombolian eruptions.

  -The ash plume builds a cauliflower shaped head and a thinner more treetrunk-like base. When the volcano quits erupting ash and gases it then ejects thick pasty lava.

  -Vulcanian eruptions usually build a steep sided cone that is more symetrical than a cinder cone
• Examples of Vulcanian Eruption


  -Mayon Volcano, the Philippines most active volcano.

  -Paricutin Volcano, Mexico
• Pelean Eruption


  -In Peléan eruptions, a large amount of gas, dust, ash, and lava fragments are blown out the volcano's central crater, driven by the collapse of rhyolite, dacite, and andesite lava dome collapses that often create large eruptive columns.
• Examples of Plinian Eruptions


  -Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines

  -Mount St. Helens, Washington
• Plinian Eruption


  -Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics.

  -Very deadly pyroclastic flows are also part of plinian eruptions.
• Phreatic Eruption


  -a type of eruption driven by the expansion of steam. When cold ground or surface water coming into contact with hot rock or magma it superheats and explodes, fracturing the surrounding rock and thrusting out a mixture of steam, water , ash, volcanic bombs, and volcanic blocks.