Definitions

• What is activation energy?


  The minimum energy for particles to react
• How do catalysts affect reaction rates?


  They provide a pathway with lower activation energy
• What does collision theory state?


  Reactions occur when particles collide with energy
• What happens to products when reactant concentration increases?


  More products are formed until equilibrium is reached
• How does decreasing product concentration affect equilibrium?


  More reactants will react until equilibrium is reached
• What is the effect of increasing pressure on equilibrium?


  Equilibrium shifts towards the side with fewer molecules
• What happens when pressure is decreased in a reaction at equilibrium?


  Equilibrium shifts towards the side with more molecules
• How does increasing temperature affect an endothermic reaction at equilibrium?


  Relative amount of products increases
• What is the effect of increasing temperature on an exothermic reaction at equilibrium?


  Relative amount of products decreases
• How does increasing reactant concentration affect reaction rate?


  It increases the rate of successful collisions
• What is the effect of increasing pressure on gaseous reactants?


  It increases the rate of successful collisions
• How does increasing surface area affect reaction rate?


  It increases the frequency of successful collisions
• What happens to particles when temperature is increased?


  Particles gain kinetic energy and move faster
• How does increased temperature affect the rate of reaction?


  It increases the rate due to more collisions
• What is equilibrium in a reversible reaction?


  Forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
• What does Le Chatelier’s Principle state?

  Equilibrium shifts to counteract changes
• How is the rate of reaction measured?


  Amount of product formed over time
• What are the units of rate of reaction?


  g/s, cm³/s, or mol/s
• What defines a reversible reaction?


  Products can form original reactants again
• How can the direction of a reversible reaction be changed?


  By changing the conditions of the reaction