have a thickpeptidoglycan layer in their cell wall
responsible for the characteristic purple stain due to the retention of crystal violet dye
the teichoic acids embedded within or linked externally to the peptidoglycan are responsible for the strength of the bacterialcellwall
Structure and Components of the Gram Positive Bacterium Cell Wall
the cell wall has a primary component called peptidoglycan, which makes up to 80-95% of the cellwall, providing its rigidity
techoic and lipotechoic are other major components contributing to their characteristic properties
GramNegative Bacterium Cell Wall
encased by a thinnerpeptidoglycan shell, making them stain pink in a gram stain due the inability to retain crystal violet dye
structurally more complex, with multiplelayers
Structure and Components of the Gram Negative Bacterium Cell Wall
thinpeptidoglycan layer, only making up to 10% of the bacterial cell wall
have a outer membrane, this encompasses the peptidoglycan layer and has lipopolysaccharides and proteinsimbeddedwithinit
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
outerleaflet of the outermembrane is made of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which is a strongendotoxin causing inflammatoryresponses
LSP has three parts: O-antigen,corepolysaccharide and lipid-A
the lipid-A component triggers much of the immuneresponse to gramnegative bacterium
Comparison of Gram Negative and Gram Positive Cell Wall
the thickness of the peptidoglycan layer and the presence of an outer membrane in gram negative bacterium
the difference in the structure means that gram negative is typically more resistant to antibiotics than gram positive due to the extralayer that the drug needs to penetrate
gramnegative is more likely to be pathogenic due to the immuneresponse triggers by LPS