Genes and Inheritance 2 -all included

• What did Charles Darwin’s evidence of natural selection?

  Finches, fossils
• Which island did Charles Darwin conclude evidence for natural selection?

  Galapagos
• What does biodiversity mean?

  Variety of life in an ecosystem
• What are the two ways biodiversity can be measured?

  number of different species and difference between individuals of same species
• Why is biodiversity important?

  for the processes that support all life on Earth, including humans
• What would happen if there was a lack of biodiversity ?

  Imbalance in the ecosystem
• What is extinction?


  Extinction is the complete disappearance of a species from the entire planet.
• What does an endangered animal mean?

  At risk of extinction.
• What does mass extinction mean?

  Widespread loss of species.
• What can contribute to extinction?

  Habitat destruction, climate change, overexploitation, pollution.
• What is the nucleus of a cell?

  The central part of a cell that contains genetic material.
• What is a chromosome?

  thread-like strands which are made out of DNA
• Who produced the clearest picture of DNA?

  Rosalind Franklin
• Who had the idea of studying DNA with an x-ray?

  Maurice Wilkins
• Who investigated the imposition of DNA?

  James Watson, Francis Crick and Erwin Chargaff
• What is a karyotype?

  a full set of chromosomes
• What are the sex chromosomes?

  X and Y chromosomes.
• what is a males chromosomes?

  XY
• What is a female chromosomes?

  XX
• What does dominant allele mean?

  An allele that is expressed in the phenotype when present in either one or two copies.
• What does a recessive allele mean?

  A recessive allele is an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
• How can we predict the probability of offspring having a certain characteristic?

  Genetic Diagram
• Why is variation within species important?

  Adaptation
• Why are identical twins more similar than other siblings?

  They share the same genetic material whereas with other siblings it may be similar but not the same