active transport

• How does active transport differ from diffusion?

  Active transport moves molecules against concentration gradient
• What is diffusion?

  Movement down concentration gradient
• Why is diffusion considered a passive process?

  It doesn't require energy from the cell
• What does active transport require to occur?

  Energy from the cell
• Where does the energy for active transport come from?

  Cellular respiration in mitochondria
• What is the energy currency of a cell?

  ATP
• How is active transport defined?

  Movement from lower to higher concentration requiring energy
• Why do plants need to absorb water and mineral ions?

  To survive and grow
• What are root hair cells adapted for?

  Absorbing water and mineral ions
• How do root hair cells increase absorption efficiency?

  By having long hair-like projections
• Why can't plants absorb minerals by diffusion?

  Minerals are at higher concentration inside the cell
• What is the role of mitochondria in root hair cells?

  To provide energy for active transport
• What are the adaptations of root hair cells for their function?

  • Long hair-like protrusions for large surface area
  • Numerous mitochondria for energy production
• What is the function of root hair cells?

  To absorb water and mineral ions
• What minerals do plants need for chlorophyll production?

  Magnesium ions
• What minerals do plants need for protein production?

  Nitrate ions
• What is the process that provides energy for active transport?

  Cellular respiration
• What is the relationship between cellular respiration and ATP?

  Cellular respiration produces ATP for energy
• How does the structure of root hair cells support their function?

  Long protrusions increase surface area for absorption
• How does active transport benefit plants?

  Allows absorption of essential minerals against gradient
• If a plant cell needs magnesium ions, how does it obtain them?

  Through active transport using energy