Meiosis and Fetilisation

• What process produces gametes in humans?

  Meiosis
• What is the significance of fertilization in relation to chromosome number?

  It restores the full number of chromosomes
• How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a normal human cell?

  • 23 pairs of chromosomes
• How many single chromosomes are present in a human gamete?

  23 single chromosomes
• Where does meiosis occur in humans?

  • In reproductive organs
  • Testes in males
  • Ovaries in females
• What happens to chromosomes during the first stage of meiosis?

  All chromosomes are copied
• What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of gametes produced?

  Four genetically different gametes
• How does meiosis differ from fertilization in terms of chromosome number?

  • Meiosis halves the number of chromosomes
  • Fertilization restores the full number of chromosomes
• What type of cells are produced after fertilization?

  Fertilized egg cells
• What is the role of mitosis after fertilization?

  To produce a clump of identical cells, forming an embryo
• What happens to cells as the embryo develops?

  • Cells differentiate
  • Form different cell types (e.g., nerve cells, muscle cells)