Organisation

• What does the human digestive system provide the body with?

  Nutrients
• What does the respiratory system provide the body with?

  Oxygen
• How do the digestive and respiratory systems interact with the circulatory system?

  They provide materials moved by the blood
• What can the damage to the digestive or respiratory systems lead to?

  Debilitating or fatal conditions
• What can reduce the need for surgical interventions in coronary heart disease?

  Improved diet and lifestyle
• What is the plant's transport system dependent on?

  Environmental conditions
• What are cells in living organisms?

  The basic building blocks
• What is a tissue?

  A group of similar cells
• What are organs made of?

  Aggregations of tissues
• What do organ systems do?

  Work together to form organisms
• What is the human digestive system an example of?

  An organ system
• What do enzymes do in the digestive system?

  Catalyse specific reactions
• What is the 'lock and key theory' related to?

  Enzyme action
• What does amylase break down?

  Starch
• What do proteases break down?

  Proteins to amino acids
• What do lipases break down?

  Fats to glycerol and fatty acids
• What is the role of bile?

  Neutralise stomach acid and emulsify fat
• How does bile increase the rate of fat breakdown?

  By increasing surface area
• What is the purpose of the required practical activity 4?

  Test for carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
• What is the structure of the human heart responsible for?

  Pumping blood around the body
• What does the right ventricle do?

  Pumps blood to the lungs
• What is the role of the left ventricle?

  Pumps blood around the rest of the body
• What are the three types of blood vessels?

  Arteries, veins, capillaries
• What is blood composed of?

  Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
• What is coronary heart disease caused by?

  Fatty material buildup in arteries
• What do stents do?

  Keep coronary arteries open
• What do statins do?

  Reduce blood cholesterol levels
• What happens when heart valves become faulty?

  They may prevent proper blood flow
• What can be used to replace faulty heart valves?

  Biological or mechanical valves
• What is heart failure?

  Inability of the heart to pump effectively
• What is health defined as?

  The state of physical and mental well-being
• What is a risk factor?

  An aspect linked to increased disease rate
• What are benign tumors?

  Non Cancerous and abnormal cells that do not spread
• What are malignant tumors?

  Cancer cells that invade tissues
• What do root hair cells do?

  Efficiently uptake water and minerals
• What is the function of xylem tissue?

  Transport water and minerals from roots
• What is the role of phloem tissue?

  Transport dissolved sugars from leaves
• What is transpiration?

  The process of water movement in plants
• What do stomata control?

  Gas exchange and water loss
• What is translocation in plants?

  Movement of food molecules through phloem