Chemistry paper 1

• What topics are covered in AQA GCC chemistry paper 1?

  Topics 1 to 5: atoms, bonding, etc.
• What is a compound?

  A substance with two or more different atoms bonded
• What is the chemical formula for water?

  H2O
• How many hydrogen atoms are in one water molecule?

  Two hydrogen atoms
• What does it mean if there is no number after a chemical symbol?

  It indicates an invisible one
• What do chemical reactions involve regarding atoms?

  Atoms change their bonds through reactions
• What is a word equation?

  A representation of a chemical reaction using words
• Why must chemical equations be balanced?

  Atoms are not created or destroyed in reactions
• What is the first step in balancing a chemical equation?

  Balance atoms only in compounds first
• How do you balance hydrogen atoms in a reaction?

  Put a number in front of the compound
• What is a mixture?

  A combination of elements and compounds not bonded
• What is an example of a mixture?

  Air
• How can you separate large insoluble particles from a liquid?

  Using filtration
• What is crystallization used for?

  To separate a solute from a solvent
• What is distillation?

  Heating a solution to separate liquids
• What is fractional distillation?

  Separating liquids with different boiling points
• What are the three main states of matter?

  Solid, liquid, and gas
• How do particles behave in a solid?

  They vibrate around fixed positions
• What happens to water when it evaporates?

  It becomes water vapor, a gas
• What must be supplied to melt or evaporate a substance?

  Energy, usually in the form of heat
• What are state symbols used for in chemical equations?

  To indicate the state of substances
• What does the symbol 's' represent?

  Solid
• What does the symbol 'l' represent?

  Liquid
• What does the symbol 'g' represent?

  Gas
• What does the symbol 'aq' represent?

  Aqueous, meaning dissolved in solution
• Who discovered that atoms are made of positive and negative charges?

  JJ Thompson
• What is the plum pudding model?

  A model of an atom with electrons in a positive charge
• Who discovered the nucleus of the atom?

  Ernest Rutherford
• What did Rutherford's experiment with gold atoms show?

  Atoms are mostly empty space
• Who discovered neutrons in the nucleus?

  James Chadwick
• What are protons and electrons' charges?

  Protons are +1, electrons are -1
• What is the relative mass of neutrons?

  Relative mass of one
• What does the atomic number represent?

  Number of protons in the nucleus
• What happens if an atom gains or loses electrons?

  It becomes an ion
• What does the mass number indicate?

  Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
• What topics are covered in AQA GCC chemistry paper 1?

  Topics 1 to 5: atoms, bonding, etc.
• What are isotopes?

  Atoms of the same element with different neutrons
• What is relative abundance?

  Percentage of different isotopes in an element
• What is a compound?

  A substance with two or more different atoms bonded
• How is the average relative atomic mass calculated?

  By averaging the masses of isotopes