Socology

• What is the focus of the video discussed?

  Crime and deviance in AQA GCSE sociology
• Why should students take notes from the video?

  To help remember facts for exams
• Where can students find multiple choice questions for practice?

  On the tutor's website
• What is the definition of crime?

  Action that breaks a written formal rule
• What is the definition of deviance?

  Behavior that does not conform to norms
• Can actions be both criminal and deviant?

  Yes, they can be both
• What does the social construction of crime and deviance mean?

  Definitions are shaped by societal norms
• How can the perception of crime vary across cultures?

  Different societies define crime differently
• What is an example of a behavior that was once criminal but is not now?

  Homosexuality
• How does place affect the perception of deviance?

  What is deviant can vary by location
• What is an example of a behavior considered deviant in some situations?

  Drinking alcohol at 8 a.m.
• What does the term 'anomie' refer to?

  Breakdown of social norms and values
• Who developed the concept of anomie?

  French sociologist Emile Durkheim
• What does labeling theory suggest?

  Deviance is created by societal reactions
• How can labeling lead to more deviant behavior?

  Individuals may adopt the deviant identity
• What do structural theories focus on?

  Social and economic inequality's role in deviance
• What do Marxists believe is the driving force behind crime?

  Social inequality and capitalism
• How do feminists view crime and deviance?

  Shaped by gender power dynamics
• What is a key idea of Henson's theory?

  Women are socialized to conform to roles
• How does the criminal justice system treat women compared to men?

  Women often receive harsher punishments
• What do interactionists argue about crime?

  It is a product of societal reactions
• What is differential association theory?

  Learning criminal behavior through social interactions
• What happens when someone is labeled as a criminal?

  They may internalize the label as their identity
• What are formal methods of social control?

  Official means like laws and regulations
• What are informal methods of social control?

  Non-legal means like social norms
• What is an example of a formal method of social control?

  Laws against theft and assault
• What do unwritten rules refer to?

  Unwritten norms governing behavior
• How do sanctions function in social control?

  They reward or punish behavior compliance
• What are informal methods of social control?

  Non-legal means regulating behavior
• What are examples of informal methods of social control?

  Social norms, customs, and traditions
• How are informal methods of social control enforced?

  By social networks and peer groups
• What is an example of an informal sanction?

  Social exclusion or ostracism
• What are sanctions in the context of social control?

  Rewards or punishments for behavior
• How do different sociological perspectives view social control?

  They offer various interpretations and implications
• What is the functionalist perspective on social control?

  It is essential for societal functioning
• How do Marxists view social control?

  As a means to justify class exploitation
• What do feminists argue about social control?

  It maintains traditional gender roles
• What is the interactionist perspective on social control?

  It emerges from everyday interactions
• What is the relationship between social class and criminal behavior?

  Lower class individuals engage more in crime
• Why are individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds more likely to commit crimes?

  Fewer opportunities and resources available