Respiration

• What is respiration?

  The process of transferring energy from glucose
• What type of reaction is respiration?

  It is an exothermic reaction
• Where does respiration occur?

  In living cells
• What is the energy transferred from respiration used for?

  For all living processes
• What are three examples of processes that use energy from respiration?

  • To contract muscles for movement
  • To keep warm in mammals and birds
  • To build larger molecules from smaller ones
• What is aerobic respiration?

  Respiration using oxygen
• Why is aerobic respiration considered the most efficient type of respiration?

  It fully oxidizes glucose
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration without oxygen
• How does anaerobic respiration differ from aerobic respiration?

  It transfers much less energy
• What happens to glucose during anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

  It converts to lactic acid
• What happens to glucose during anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

  It converts to ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is fermentation in yeast cells?

  Anaerobic respiration in yeast
• What are the applications of fermentation in yeast?

  • Used to make bread
  • Used to produce alcoholic drinks
• What is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells?

  glucose → lactic acid
• What is the chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?

  glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide
• Why does anaerobic respiration transfer less energy than aerobic respiration?

  Because glucose isn't fully oxidized