biological

• What is the biological perspective on human behavior?

  Humans are biological beings influencing behavior.
• How do genetics influence behavior according to the biological approach?

  Behaviors are influenced by inherited genetics.
• What role does the brain play in behavior and cognition?

  The brain localizes cognitive and behavioral functions.
• What is the impact of biochemical imbalances on behavior?

  Imbalances can lead to mental illnesses.
• What methods does the biological approach advocate for studying behavior?

  Scientific methods like experiments and hypothesis testing.
• What determines an individual's genotype?

  Genotype is determined at conception from parents.
• How do genes interact with the environment?

  Genes influence behavior through environmental interaction.
• What is the phenotype?

  Phenotype is the expression of genes and environment.
• How can certain genes affect mental disorders?

  Certain genes can increase vulnerability to disorders.
• What is the relationship between genotype and environment?

  Genotype plus environment equals phenotype.
• What are examples of phenotypes?

  Hair color, height, depression, OCD.
• What is the purpose of twin studies in biological psychology?

  Twin studies separate nature and nurture influences.
• What are the two types of twins studied in biological psychology?

  Monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.
• How do MZ and DZ twins differ in genetic sharing?

  MZ twins share 100% of genotype; DZ share 50%.
• What do greater concordance rates in MZ twins indicate?

  Phenotype is heavily influenced by genes.
• What does concordance mean in the context of twin studies?

  Concordance means agreement in phenotype.
• Why is a larger sample size important in twin studies?

  Larger samples allow for better generalization.
• What is the central nervous system's primary function?

  It is responsible for behavioral and cognitive functions.
• What has research revealed about brain localization?

  Functions can be localized to specific brain areas.
• What is the role of the hippocampus?

  It is involved in long-term and episodic memory.
• What does Broca's area control?

  Speech and language production.
• What is the function of the ventral tegmental area?

  It is involved in dopamine reward pathway activity.
• What are biochemicals in the context of behavior?

  They are chemical messengers influencing behavior.
• What neurotransmitters are involved in communication across synapses?

  Dopamine, serotonin, and GABA.
• What is the role of hormones in the endocrine system?

  They regulate behaviors and physiological processes.
• What does adrenaline do in the body?

  It triggers the fight or flight response.
• What is the function of cortisol?

  It increases sugar levels in the body.
• What does melatonin help with?

  It helps regulate sleep.
• What is the role of Wernicke's area?

  It is associated with language processing.
• How does evolution by natural selection affect behavior?

  It promotes genes coding for adaptive behaviors.
• Who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

  Charles Darwin.
• What is the outcome of individuals inheriting adaptive genes?

  They are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• How does evolution by natural selection occur over time?

  It results in gradual changes across generations.
• What is a practical application of biological research?

  Drug therapies for neurochemical imbalances.
• What is the significance of SSRIs in biological research?

  They suggest a neurochemical explanation for behavior.
• How does the biological approach benefit the economy?

  It reduces the need for trained therapists.
• What is a limitation of drug therapy according to the biological approach?

  Not all individuals respond to drug therapy.
• Why is the scientific method important in biological psychology?

  It establishes cause-and-effect relationships confidently.
• How does control over extraneous variables affect research validity?

  It increases validity and confidence in conclusions.
• What is the role of brain imaging in biological research?

  It provides objective evidence for localization of function.