chapter 4

• By late summer, where has news of Animal Farm spread?

  Across half the county
• How does Mr. Jones live after losing Animal Farm?

  He lives ignominiously, drinking and complaining
• Why do Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick fear Animal Farm?

  They fear disenchantment will spread among their animals
• What prevents Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick from cooperating against Animal Farm?

  Their rivalry with each other
• What do Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick spread about Animal Farm?

  Rumors about its inefficiency and moral reprehensibility
• What song do animals everywhere begin to sing?

  “Beasts of England”
• Who sends flocks of pigeons to teach the animals the song?

  Snowball
• What behavior do many animals begin to exhibit after learning the song?

  They begin to behave rebelliously
• What alerts Animal Farm about Mr. Jones's approach?

  A flight of pigeons
• Who prepares the defense against Mr. Jones's attack?

  Snowball
• What historical figure's battle campaigns does Snowball study?

  Julius Caesar
• How do the animals respond to Mr. Jones's men during the ambush?

  They fight courageously and achieve victory
• What is the only loss the animals suffer in the battle?

  A single sheep
• How do the animals honor their fallen sheep?

  They give it a hero’s burial
• What does Boxer believe he has done during the battle?

  He believes he has killed a stable boy
• What does Snowball tell Boxer about feeling guilty?

  He tells him not to feel guilty
• What does Snowball assert about humans?

  “The only good human being is a dead one”
• How does Mollie behave during the battle?

  She hides to avoid risk
• What medals do Snowball and Boxer receive?

  “Animal Hero, First Class”
• What do the animals find after the battle?

  1. Jones’s gun
• Where do the animals place Mr. Jones's gun?

  At the base of the flagstaff
• How often do the animals agree to fire the gun?

  Twice a year
• What are the two occasions the gun is fired?

  October 12th and Midsummer’s Day
• What do the animals celebrate on October 12th?

  The anniversary of the Battle of the Cowshed
• What does this chapter extend the allegory of the Russian Revolution to?

  Russia's interwar period
• What do the animals celebrate on Midsummer’s Day?

  The anniversary of the Rebellion
• What does the spread of Animalism to surrounding farms evoke?

  The attempts by Leon Trotsky to establish communism
• Who believed that communism could only achieve its goals globally?

  Leon Trotsky
• What did Trotsky devote much of his intelligence to setting off?

  The "Domino Effect"
• What does the Domino Theory posit?

  Conversion of one state leads to others falling
• Which U.S. Presidents used the Domino Theory to justify military involvement?

  Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson
• In which countries did these Presidents hope to prevent the spread of communism?

  Greece, Turkey, Vietnam
• What do the proprietors of neighboring farms fear?

  The "Snowball Effect"
• How do Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick respond to Animal Farm?

  They spread disparaging rumors
• What does Orwell illustrate through irony in this chapter?

  The gap between animals' beliefs and reality
• What do the animals believe they are fighting for?

  To protect themselves from oppression
• What is the reality of the animals' fight?

  They consolidate the pigs' power
• What is Boxer horrified about after the battle?

  Thinking he killed the stable boy
• What does Snowball declare after the battle?

  All animals must be ready to die
• What do many readers assume about Orwell's critique?

  It advocates Western capitalism as an alternative