Changing Places

• How is a place defined?

  A location with meaning
• What is a locale?

  A place where events occur
• What does 'sense of place' refer to?

  Emotional attachment to a place
• What are the theoretical approaches to place?

  • Descriptive approach: distinct places studied
  • Social constructionist: places as social products
  • Phenomenological approach: personal experiences of place
• What is the definition of location?

  Coordinates on a map
• Who defined places by traces that exist within them?

  John Anderson
• Why is the promotion of place important?

  It is crucial for place marketing
• How can places help people define themselves?

  By providing a sense of identity
• What aspects can be explored through lived experience of place?

  • Identity
  • Belonging
  • Well-being
• What is place marketing?

  Planning and managing public spaces
• What does localism refer to?

  Emotional ownership of a place
• What is regionalism?

  Loyalty to distinct regions
• What does nationalism refer to?

  Loyalty and devotion to a nation
• What factors may lead to exclusion from a place?

  • Being a traveller
  • LGBTQA+ identity
  • Gender roles
  • Wealth disparities
• What are insider and outsider perspectives?

  • Insider: feels they belong
  • Outsider: feels out of place
• How might a businessman feel at Canary Wharf?

  As an insider
• How might a homeless man feel at Canary Wharf?

  As an outsider
• What are endogenous factors in place character?

  • Factors originating internally
  • Examples: location, land use, population size
• What are exogenous factors in place character?

  • External factors affecting a place
  • Examples: migration, deindustrialisation
• What is globalization?

  Growing independence of countries worldwide
• How can globalization affect UK highstreets?

  It can damage them
• What factors shape places?

  • Flows of people
  • Resources
  • Ideas
  • Investment
• What can cause changes in place?

  Migration, conflict, natural disasters
• How did 9/11 change New York's skyline?

  It became a place of reflection
• What external factors can affect place changes?

  Government policy and corporate decisions
• What was the reaction to the redevelopment of East London for the 2012 Olympics?

  Not welcomed by all, especially factory owners
• What continuity existed in Portland Road since the 1850s?

  • Large houses for wealthy tenants
  • Highstreet remains a business hub
• What changes occurred in North Portland Road from 1850-1960s?

  • Became a slum area
  • Social housing built in the 1930s
  • Organized crime emerged in the 50/60s
• What happened to slum dwellers in the 60s?

  Moved to council estates
• What impact did the 1975 physical traffic barriers have?

  Stark social and economic divisions
• How did Notting Hill change in perception?

  From slums to a property investment hub
• What is Port Sunlight known for?

  • Model village in Wirral
  • High-quality housing and welfare provisions
• What influenced the development of Port Sunlight?

  The arts and crafts movement
• How has Port Sunlight changed over time?

  Very little change has occurred
• What transformation did Medellin, Colombia undergo?

  • From crime-ridden to urban regeneration
  • Investment in education and infrastructure
• What was the state of Medellin before 1993?

  Associated with drugs and violence
• What significant change occurred in Devon Port, Plymouth?

  Removal of the dividing wall
• What did the New Deal in 2010-2011 aim to address?

  Crime, housing, health, education, employment
• What improvements were seen in Devon Port by 2020?

  Creation of 600 jobs
• What is place meaning and representation?

  • Place meaning: emotions attached to a place
  • Place representation: portrayal of a place in society