Cases

• Pittwood

  Contractual Duty to Act - It was the defendant's job to close the gates when a train was coming. He was liable for manslaughter when he failed to close the gates and a man was killed
• Gibbins and Proctor

  Duty to Act due to a Special Relationship - the father failed to feed his daughter and so was liable for manslaughter when she died.
• Miller

  Duty to act when creating a dangerous situation - The defendant set fire to a mattress when he fell asleep smoking a cigarette. When he awoke and realised, he went into another room and went back to sleep. He was convicted of arson, for failing to put it out or summoning help.
• Dytham

  Duty to Act in a position of Public Responsibility - Stone and his wife voluntarily took in his anorexic sister. They were liable for manslaughter, as they failed to summon help when she became malnourished and died.
• Stone and Dobinson

  Duty to act when voluntarily assumed responsibility - Stone and his wife voluntarily took in his anorexic sister. They were liable for manslaughter, as they failed to summon help when she became malnourished and died.