Classification

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  How organisms are classified based on their characteristics, the three domain classification system, and relationships between organisms using an evolutionary tree.
• What is the significance of classifying organisms?

  • Organisms are classified based on shared characteristics.
  • Helps in understanding the diversity of life.
  • Facilitates communication among scientists.
• Who began to classify species into different categories in the 1700s?

  Scientist Carl Linnaeus.
• What are the two kingdoms that Linnaeus divided all living organisms into?

  Animal kingdom and plant kingdom.
• What are the categories Linnaeus used to classify organisms?

  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species
• What mnemonic can help remember the classification categories?

  King Phillip came over for good soup.
• In an exam, how might you be asked to use the classification system developed by Linnaeus?

  You might be shown the classification of an organism and asked to fill in a missing part.
• What is the binomial system in classification?

  It is a system where every organism is named using its genus and species.
• What is the binomial name for the zebra?

  $Equus quagga$
• What is the binomial name for the polar bear?

  $Ursus maritimus$
• What is a key fact about Linnaeus's classification system?

  • It is based on observable characteristics.
  • Examples include body shape and number of toes.
• What major advances in biology have occurred since Linnaeus's time?

  Microscopy for internal structures and biochemical analysis, including DNA.
• Who developed the three domain classification system?

  Scientist Carl Woese.
• What are the three domains in the three domain classification system?

  • Archaea: Primitive bacteria found in extreme conditions.
  • Bacteria: True bacteria, including those in the human digestive system.
  • Eukaryota: Includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists like amoeba.
• How do scientists use evolutionary trees?

  To show how closely related organisms are to each other.
• What data do scientists use to create evolutionary trees for living organisms?

  Classification data and DNA analysis.
• What challenges do scientists face when creating evolutionary trees for extinct organisms?

  The fossil records of many species are incomplete.
• What does an evolutionary tree indicate about species relationships?

  • Species that are closely related share a common ancestor.
  • The tree illustrates the evolutionary connections among species.