MATHM | Modular Arithmetic

• Is a system of arithmetic for integers, which considers the remainder.

  Modular Arithmetic
• Let a and b are integers and m is a natural counting number.

  Congruence
• Formula for Congruence

  b - a (modn)
• To determine the least residue is to simply get the remainder when b is divided by m.

  Least Residue
• Formula for Least Residue

  b (modm)
• Modulo addition is defined as (a+b)mod m
• Modulo subtraction is defined as (a-b)mod m
• Modulo multiplication is defined as (a*b) mod m
• Modulo division is defined as (a/b) mod m