L1.1.3.1.1: Types of Supporting Cells in CNS

• TYPES OF SUPPORTING CELLS IN CNS

  • Astrocytes
  • Microglia
  • Ependymal cells
  • Oligodendrocytes
• ● Astrocytes

  ○ Abundant star-shaped cells accounting for nearly half of neural tissue

  ○ Numerous projections have swollen ends that cling to neurons, bracing and anchoring them to blood capillaries (their nutrient supply)

  ○ Protect neurons from harmful substances in blood

  ○ Control the chemical environment of the brain by mopping up leaked potassium ions
• ● Microglia

  ○ Spider-like phagocytes

  ○ Monitor health of nearby neurons; dispose of debris
• ● Ependymal cells

  ○ Line cavities of the brain and spinal cord

  ○ Cilia assist with circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
• ● Oligodendrocytes

  ○ Wrap around nerve fibers in the CNS

  ○ Produce myelin sheaths (fatty insulating coverings)