DT - year 9

• Safety precautions

  1. Press the red button in emergencys
  2. Tie back long hair
  3. Take off loose clothing
  4. Wear safety glasses
  5. Do not enter the workshop without permission or a teacher present
  6. No running or rushing in the workshop
  7. Report any accident o breakages to the teacher
  8. Tuck in your tie
  9. Take off any jewellery before entering the workshop
  10. look out for yourself and others
• Why do you need the skills of:

  • 3D sketching
  • Isometric drawing
  • Rendering


  So that you can sketch ideas, draw up plansfor the products you will make in the workshop and to communicate your plans and ideas to other people
• Isometric drawing:

  
• Metals are usually found in the earth combined with other substances


  This combination is called ore
• Metals are found in their pure form: silver, gold, copper
• What are the two basic types of metals?

  Ferrous metals and Non-ferrous metals
• Metals can be melted and poured into shaped moulds to form products or parts of products

  This process is called casting
• Metals can also be stamped, made into thin sheets, pressed, painted
• Metals are good conductors of heat
• Ferrous metals:

  • contain iron
  • rust
  • need a protective layer of paint, plastic or enamel
• Non-ferrous metals:

  • Don't contain iron
  • Don't rust
  • Usually bright and shiny but go dull if left
• Ferrous metals examples:

  • Tool steel
  • Stainless steel
  • Cast iron
  • Mild steel
• Non-ferrous metal examples:

  • Aluminium
  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Brass
• Marking out:

  • Paper and Card - sharp pencil and ruler
  • Plastic - Spirit-based marker and ruler
  • Metal - Scriber
  • Wood - pencil and ruler
• Metal products:

  Mild Steel

  • Relatively cheap
• Metal products:

  Tool steel

  • Hardened steel which is much stronger
• Metal products:

  Stainless steel:

  • Doesn't rust
  • Holds shape etc.
• Metal products:

  Aluminium Alloy body

  • light
  • strong
• Metal products:

  Cast iron

  • Strong
  • Durable
• Machines:

  • Pillar Drill
  • Metal Bender
  • Guillotine
• Tools:

  • Tinsnips
  • Pop Riveter
  • Hammer
• Why do machines and tools use levers?

  Because people are physically weak and can't do alot of day to day tasks without help. Levers and Linkages make these tasks much easier
• 1. F - Fulcrum
  2. L - Load
  3. E - Effort
• Rotary movement:

  Circular movement, turning around a fixed point, eg. wheels
• Oscillating movement:

  Curved movement, swinging back and forth along an arc, eg. A Clock Pendulum
• Reciprocating movement:

  Movement back and forth along a straight line, eg. A sewing machine needle
• Linear movement:

  Straight line movement from point A to point B, eg. A train
• Rotary Movement:

  
• Reciprocating Movement:

  
• Linear Movement:

  
• Oscillating Movement:

  
• Dynamic Force:


  Moving forces
• Static force:


  Stationary
• Tension Force:


  Pulling

  
• Compression forces:


  Squashing forces

  
• Shear forces:


  Cutting forces

  
• Torsion forces:


  Twisting and Turning forces

  
• Friction:


  Resistance to movement forces
• Levers:

  • Levers we're the first kind of mechanisms used by our ancestors
  • All levers are one of three basic kinds, often called classes
  • They can be used individually, in pairs or connected together to form a linkage
• Why can a person lift a car with a Car Jack but not by themselves?


  The person supplies a small Force but a large rotary movement, this is transferred into a small linear movement but a large force by the car jack