L1.1: Overview of Growth and Development in Children

• ● Development

  ○ Refers to a process of gradual transformation

  ○ Shows improvement in the level of functioning upon the acquisition of skills

  ○ It is identified through a comprehensive evaluation of the child’s performance on various skills and memory retention

  ○ It is invisible to the naked eye

  ○ Internal process continuous throughout life
• ● Growth

  ○ Increase in size evident through physical change (Observable Physical Manifestations)

  ○ Refers to a consistent growth and increase in value (ex. Increase in height or weight)

  ○ Continues until maturation
• Child Development

  ● It is a study explaining how a child changes as they grow from conception to age 18 (0-18)
• 5 Stages of Development

  1. Infancy (Birth to 12 Months)
  2. Toddler (12 Months to 3 Years)
  3. Preschool (3 Years to 6 Years)
  4. School Age (6 Years to 12 Years)
  5. Adolescence (13 Years to 18 Years)
• The 3 Theories

  ● Focus on explaining how children grow and change over the course of childhood

  ● Center on various aspects of development including social, emotional, and cognitive growth

  ● Provides a framework for thinking about human growth and learning
• The 3 Theories

  1. Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Theory
  2. Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
  3. Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory