purity and formulations

• what is a pure substance?

  a single element or compound, not mixed with any other substance
• pure substance examples


  gold, copper, iron, oxygen, distilled water, alcohol, carbon dioxide, sugar, salt and baking soda
• a chemically pure substance will melt/boil at...

  a specific temperature
• what do impurities in a substance do to the melting point?

  lower the melting point and increase the melting point range
• what do impurities in a substance do to the boiling point?


  increase the boiling point and increase the boiling point range
• what are formulations?


  mixtures with exact amounts of components that have been carefully designed to have specific properties
• why is each component in a formulation in a measured quantity?

  so that it contributes to the properties of the formulation making it meet its required function
• formulation examples


  fuels, cleaning agents, paints, medicines, alloys, fertilisers and foods
• why are formulations important in the pharmaceutical industry?

  by altering the formulation of the pill, chemists can make sure it delivers the drug to the correct part of the body at the right concentration, that it's consumable and has a long enough shelf life