A01

• What is localisation of function?

  Specific functions (physical and psychological) have specific locations in the brain
• What are the 4 lobes which make up the brain?

  Occipital, temporal, parietal, frontal
• What are the 6 specialised areas in the brain?

  Motor, somatosensory, visual, auditory, Broca's, Wernicke's
• What is a case study which shows support for localisation of the brain?

  Phineas Gage
• What is the role of the motor cortex and where is it found?

  - Controls voluntary movement in the opposite side of the body

  - Found in the back of the frontal lobe
• What is the role of the somatosensory cortex and where is it found?

  - Processes sensory information related to touch, pressure, pain and temperature which it then localises to specific body regions

  - Found in the parietal lobe
• What is the role of the visual cortex and where is it found?

  - Each eye sends information from the right visual field to the left visual cortex and the left visual field to the right visual cortex

  - Found in the occipital lobe
• What is the role of the auditory cortex and where is it found?

  - Analyses speech-based information

  - Found in temporal lobe
• What is the role of Broca's and Wernicke's area?

  - Broca's area = speech production, found in frontal lobe, left hemisphere

  - Wernicke's area = speech comprehension, found in temporal lobe, left hemisphere
• How does Phineas Gage show support for localisation of function in the brain?

  The change in his personality and temperament following the accident suggests that part of the brain that is responsible for regulating temperament is in the frontal lobe
• Brain diagram

  A) Motor cortex

  B) Front

  C) Broca's area (language production)

  D) Auditory area

  E) Wernicke's area (language understanding)

  F) Back

  G) Visual cortex

  H) Somatosensory cortex

  
• 4 lobes

  A) Frontal lobe

  B) Temporal lobe

  C) Parietal lobe

  D) Occipital lobe