Variation and Evolution(B6)

    Cards (125)

    • What is the main topic of the video discussed in the study material?
      The main topic is variation in characteristics among individuals in a population.
    • What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?
      You should be able to describe what is meant by variation and its causes.
    • What is variation in biology?
      Variation refers to the differences in characteristics of individuals in a population.
    • What are the three main causes of variation in a population?
      • Genetic causes (alleles inherited)
      • Environmental causes
      • Combination of genes and environment
    • What is an example of genetic variation in humans?
      Hair color and eye color are examples of genetic variation.
    • How does the environment cause variation in flowers?
      The color of flowers can depend on the pH of the soil.
    • What is an example of variation caused by a combination of genes and the environment in humans?
      Height in humans is influenced by both genetics and diet.
    • What is the role of mutations in genetic variation?
      Mutations are random changes to DNA that contribute to genetic variation.
    • What is the effect of most mutations on the phenotype?
      Most mutations have no effect on the phenotype.
    • How can some mutations influence the phenotype?
      Some mutations can lead to traits such as tallness if the diet is suitable.
    • What is a key idea regarding mutations and phenotypes?
      Very rarely, mutations can lead to a new phenotype.
    • What can happen if a mutation leads to a beneficial phenotype?
      A beneficial phenotype can lead to a rapid change in the species if the environment changes.
    • What happened to the wild rabbit population in the UK in the 1950s?
      A mutation made some rabbits resistant to a virus, leading to a new phenotype.
    • What is the significance of the mutation in the UK rabbit population?
      The mutation resulted in a new phenotype that became widespread in the rabbit population.
    • Where can you find questions on variation for revision?
      You can find questions on variation in the revision workbook linked in the video.
    • What is the definition of alleles?
      Alleles are different forms of a gene inherited from parents.
    • How do alleles influence inherited characteristics?
      Alleles determine the genetic traits passed from parents to offspring.
    • What is the relationship between genetic variation and evolution?
      Genetic variation is essential for evolution as it provides the raw material for natural selection.
    • What is the main topic of the video from Free Science Lessons Kol UK?
      The main topic is evolution and how it takes place through natural selection.
    • What should viewers be able to do by the end of the video?
      Viewers should be able to describe evolution and explain how it occurs through natural selection.
    • What percentage of species that have ever lived on Earth are currently thought to be alive?
      Only one percent of the total species that have ever lived on Earth are currently alive.
    • When do scientists believe life first developed on Earth?
      More than 3 billion years ago.
    • What were the first life-forms on Earth described as?
      Very simple, for example, single cells.
    • What is the process called through which all species of living things have evolved?
      Evolution by natural selection.
    • What is genetic variation within a population?
      It refers to the differences in alleles among individuals in a species.
    • How do rabbits demonstrate genetic variation?
      Each rabbit has a slightly different combination of alleles inherited from its parents.
    • What happens to rabbits with alleles for thicker fur in colder environments?
      They are more likely to survive and reproduce than those with thinner fur.
    • What is the result of rabbits with thicker fur surviving and reproducing?
      The alleles for thicker fur become more common in the rabbit population.
    • What advantage do rabbits with better eyesight or hearing have when a predator moves into their area?
      They are more likely to detect the predator and survive.
    • What happens to the alleles for better eyesight or hearing over many generations?
      They become widespread in the rabbit population.
    • What is the definition of evolution?
      Evolution is the change in inherited characteristics of a population over time through natural selection.
    • What can happen when two populations of one species become so different in phenotype?
      They can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring, becoming separate species.
    • What is an example of two different species of rabbits mentioned in the video?
      The normal-sized rabbit and the pygmy rabbit.
    • Why are pygmy rabbits considered a different species from normal-sized rabbits?
      They cannot breed successfully with normal-sized rabbits.
    • What is the process of natural selection?
      • Organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
      • These traits are passed on to the next generation.
      • Over time, these traits become more common in the population.
    • What is speciation?
      • The process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
      • Occurs when populations can no longer interbreed.
      • Results in the formation of new species.
    • What is another term for selective breeding?
      Artificial selection
    • What should you be able to describe by the end of the video on selective breeding?
      The meaning of selective breeding, its impact on food plants and domesticated animals, and its disadvantages
    • What are wolves known for in relation to humans?
      They can alert humans to threats and provide protection
    • How did humans use selective breeding to produce dogs from wolves?
      By selecting and breeding wolves with desirable traits over thousands of years