strong and weak acids

    Cards (21)

    • What is a strong acid?
      Acids that fully ionize in solution
    • Give an example of a strong acid.
      Hydrochloric acid
    • What happens to acid molecules in aqueous solutions?
      They ionize and release hydrogen ions
    • What does it mean for an acid to ionize?
      It splits and releases hydrogen ions
    • What is the characteristic of strong acids in terms of ionization?
      They fully ionize in aqueous solutions
    • Name three strong acids.
      Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
    • How can you identify a weak acid from its ionization pattern?
      It has a reversible ionization arrow
    • Give an example of a weak acid.
      Carbonic acid
    • What does it mean for weak acids to partially ionize?
      Only a fraction of acid molecules ionize
    • Name three weak acids.
      Carbonic acid, ethanolic acid, citric acid
    • How does the pH scale relate to strong and weak acids?
      Strong acids have lower pH than weak acids
    • Why do strong acids have a lower pH than weak acids?
      They fully ionize, producing more hydrogen ions
    • What happens to hydrogen ion concentration as pH decreases?
      It increases by 10 times for each unit
    • What is meant by one order of magnitude in terms of pH?
      A 10 times difference in hydrogen ion concentration
    • How does a change from pH 1 to pH 3 affect hydrogen ion concentration?
      It results in a 100 times decrease
    • What does the concentration of an acid indicate?
      The amount of acid molecules in a volume
    • What distinguishes a dilute acid from a concentrated acid?
      A dilute acid has fewer acid molecules
    • Can the strength of an acid affect its concentration?
      No, strength and concentration are different
    • What are the characteristics of strong and weak acids?
      • Strong acids: fully ionize, lower pH, examples include hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric acids.
      • Weak acids: partially ionize, higher pH, examples include carbonic, ethanolic, citric acids.
    • How does the pH scale relate to hydrogen ion concentration?
      • pH decreases by 1 unit: hydrogen ion concentration increases by 10 times.
      • pH difference of 1: one order of magnitude.
      • pH difference of 2: two orders of magnitude (100 times).
    • What is the difference between dilute and concentrated acids?
      • Dilute acid: fewer acid molecules in a given volume.
      • Concentrated acid: more acid molecules in a given volume.