Paper 2

• What are some key principles and values of the UK?

  Democracy

  Tolerance

  Rule of Law
• What are some human rights people are entitled to in the UK?

  The right to life

  The right to freedom of religion
• What are some political rights people are entitled to in the UK?

  Right to vote

  Right to a secret ballot
• What are some moral rights people are entitled to in the UK?

  Right to an education
• What are some legal rights people are entitled to in the UK?

  Right to a fair trial

  Innocent until proven guilty
• What is identity?


  Our sense of who we are and how we see ourselves
• What are some factors that determine identity?

  Religion

  Culture

  Profession
• What is cultural identity?

  Sense of belonging to a cultural group
• What is national identity?


  Sense of belonging to a nation
• What is the difference between immigration and emigration?

  Immigration: Moving into a country. Emigration: Moving out of a country.
• What are some factors that cause immigration?

  Higher standards of living

  Political stability

  Job opportunities
• What are some factors that cause emigration?

  Low standards of living and poverty

  Political instability and civil war

  Lack of freedom

  Poor healthcare
• What is the main aim for general population change in the UK?

  To increase diversity
• What are different types of media in the UK?

  Television - BBC, ITV, Channel 4

  Newspapers - The Times, Daily Mail, The Telegraph

  Radio - BBC radio

  Social Media - Facebook, Twitter
• What is free press?

  Can express opinions without government interference
• What is the role of the free press?

  Informing general events

  Influencing public opinion

  Holding those in power to account
• What are some restrictions and responsibilities of the free press?

  National Security - Not publishing stories that can comprimise the national security

  Accuracy - They have to be accurate and factual

  Privacy - Not invading privacy of others

  Public interest - Only publishing stories that are relevant to the general public
• What is IPSO?


  Independent Press Standards Organisation
• What does IPSO regulate?

  The press specifically newspapers and magazines
• What are some examples of censorship in the media?

  Bleeping inappropriate language in songs on radio stations
• What is the UN?

  United Nations, set up after WW2 to try and regulate the relations between nations
• What is the role of the UK in the UN?

  1 of 5 permanent members of the United Nations Security Council

  Financial contributions to the UN

  Contribute troops to peacekeeping operations
• What is NATO?


  North Atlantic Treaty Organization, set up after WW2 to defend against the USSR
• What is the UK's role in NATO?

  Part of common defence - Attack against one member of NATO contributes an attack on all of members of NATO

  Contributes troops and equipment

  Contributes funding
• What is the WTO?

  World Trade Organisation, set up to regulate trade and economic activities between nations
• What is the role of the UK in WTO?

  Contributes funding

  Influences regulations

  Negotiates and debates with other nations
• What is the EU?

  European Union, an economic and political organisation set up after WW2 to provide laws, currency throughout Europe
• What is the relationship between the UK and EU?

  Contribution of funding

  Negotiating with the EU and other European leaders

  Taking grants and funding from the EU
• What are some ways nations can resolve international disputes?

  Military actions

  Sanctions - stopping trade with a nation or seizing assets
• What are some ways the UK's charities help with international disputes?

  Providing medical and humanitarian aid
• What are some fundamental principles of the law?

  Presumption of innocence

  Equality before the law - No one is above the law

  Right to a fair trial
• What is the purpose of the law?

  Rectify injustice

  Hold those in power to account

  Create a set of rules that citizens can abide to
• What are some examples of balancing rights?

  Freedom of speech vs. hate speech laws.
• What are some of the roles and powers of the police??

  Ensure safety of the public

  Arrest individuals suspected of crime

  Collect and pass evidence to the CPS (Crown Prosecution Service)

  Enforce laws
• What are the roles of legal representatives (lawyers)

  To argue the innocence or guilt of individuals during criminal trials

  Asserting the rights of those who they are representing
• What is the difference between civil law and criminal law?

  Civil law - Deals with issues between individuals and organisations

  Criminal law - Deals with issues between individuals and the state
• What are some examples of civil law?

  Divorce, Property law
• What are some examples of criminal law?

  Murder, Theft
• What is the structure of civil courts in England and Wales?

  County Court < High Court of justice < Court of appeal < Supreme Court
• What is the structure of criminal courts in England and Wales?

  Magistrates Court < Crown Court < Court of Appeal < Supreme Court