Lec 1 Intro

• Who coined the word "cell" in 1655?

  Robert Hooke
• What did Robert Hooke observe that led him to name the structures "cellulae"?

  He observed the empty cell walls of dead plant tissue.
• In what year did Anton van Leeuwenhoek make his observations of living cells?

  1674
• What term did Anton van Leeuwenhoek use to describe the living cells he observed?

  Animalcules
• Who discovered the cell nucleus in plant cells and in what year?

  Robert Brown in 1831
• What are the main points of the cell theory proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann?

  • All living things are made of cells.
  • The cell is the basic unit of life.
  • Cells can arise from non-cellular materials.
• What important addition did Rudolf Virchow make to the cell theory in 1855?

  Cells can arise only from the division of a pre-existing cell.
• What are some reasons certain organisms are selected as model organisms in research?

  • Convenience of genetic manipulation
  • Rapid reproduction rates
  • Transparency for viewing internal development (e.g., zebrafish)
• What are some model organisms used by cell biologists?

  • E. Coli
  • Brewers yeast
  • Arabidopsis
  • Drosophila fly
  • Mice
  • Eelworm
  • Zebrafish
• Why are model organisms important in cell biology research?

  Cellular processes are highly conserved among organisms, informing human cell biology.