paper 22

• What did logistic regression analysis reveal about premorbid delinquency?

  Moderate and high delinquency increased violence risk
• How did stable high delinquency affect violence risk?

  It directly increased the risk for violence
• What is the significance of the findings regarding pathways to violent behavior?

  Diverse pathways exist during first-episode psychosis
• What should treatments address according to the study's conclusions?

  Antisocial traits as a risk for violence
• What is the publication date of the report?

  October 2, 2013
• What is the hypothesis regarding violent psychotic individuals?

  There are distinct groups based on behavior patterns
• What are the three hypothesized groups of violent psychotic individuals?

  Early starters, aggressive after illness, serious violence later
• What is the developmental taxonomy of antisocial behavior?

  Life-course persistent and adolescence limited
• What is the relationship between conduct disorder and psychosis?

  Conduct disorder is an antecedent of psychosis
• What did Swanson and colleagues find regarding violence in schizophrenia?

  Violence may follow at least two pathways
• What was the aim of using latent class growth analysis in the study?

  To identify distinct groups based on delinquency patterns
• What were the entry criteria for early intervention services?

  Standardized and consistent among sites
• How many individuals consented to the study?

  1,027 individuals
• How was premorbid delinquency assessed?

  Using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS)
• What was the violent behavior outcome measure used in the study?

  Adverse Outcomes Screening Questionnaire
• What were the possible responses for premorbid adaptation?

  Good, fair, poor, and refusal to engage
• How was past drug use measured in the study?

  Self-reported at baseline with a scale
• What does duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) refer to?

  Delay between onset of psychosis and treatment
• What was the purpose of the study's ethical approval?

  To ensure participant safety and confidentiality
• What was the attrition rate for the study's violent behavior outcome?

  65% of the consented group
• What did the study conclude about treatment approaches?

  Treatments should address antisocial traits
• What are the points for fair adaptation in school?

  1-2 points
• What characterizes poor adaptation in school?

  Dislikes school, frequent truancy, discipline problems
• What points indicate a refusal to engage with school?

  5-6 points
• How is duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) defined?

  Delay between onset of psychosis and treatment
• What scale was used to assess past drug use?

  Self-reported scale from 0 to 4
• What does a dichotomous DUP variable represent?

  Short (<6 months) and long (>6 months) DUP
• What percentage of the sample was male?

  69%
• What was the mean age at illness onset?

  21.33 years
• What analysis method was used for premorbid delinquency trajectories?

  Latent class growth analysis (LCGA)
• What does a lower BIC value indicate?

  Better model fit
• How many classes were identified in the best-fitting model?

  4 classes
• What percentage of the sample had stable low delinquency?

  48.5%
• How is male sex associated with delinquency classes?

  Higher likelihood of moderate and high delinquency
• What percentage of the stable high group reported violence?

  25.3%
• What is the odds ratio for moderate delinquency reporting violence?

  1.97
• What is the odds ratio for high delinquency reporting violence?

  3.53
• What factors were significantly associated with longer DUP?

  Moderate and high delinquency groups
• What was the mean positive symptom score for high delinquency groups?

  12.31
• What was the relationship between past drug use and delinquency?

  Higher drug use in delinquent groups