Algorithm

• What is an algorithm?

  Step by step, ordered instructions to solve a problem or complete a task.
• How is a recipe related to an algorithm?

  A recipe is an example of an algorithm as it provides ordered instructions to complete a task.
• What is input in the context of computing?

  Data provided to a computer or software program from a user or the outside world.
• What is output in computing?

  Data provided by a computer, such as text, images, sound, or video.
• What is a variable in programming?

  A container used to store a single value that can change while the program is running.
• What does an if statement do in a program?

  It allows the program to select an alternative pathway based on a condition.
• What is the purpose of a for loop in programming?

  A for loop allows the program to repeat instructions a set number of times.
• How does a while loop function in a program?

  A while loop repeats instructions while a given condition is true.
• What is a subprogram?

  Small programs written within a larger main program to perform a specific task.
• What is hardware in computing?

  Physical components of a computer, including internal and external components.
• What is software?

  Programs or applications that run on hardware, such as Microsoft Word.
• What is an input device?

  A device used to enter data into a computer, which can be manual or automatic.
• What is an output device?

  A device that shares data processed by a computer with users, such as a monitor.
• What does the CPU do in a computer?

  It is responsible for processing all instructions.
• What is RAM used for in a computer?

  It is used to temporarily store a copy of all open programs and files.
• What is secondary storage in computing?

  Hardware used to permanently store all open programs and files, such as HDD.
• What is a variable in programming?

  A named memory location.
• What is the purpose of a variable in a program?

  To temporarily store a single value.
• Can the value of a variable be changed while a program is running?

  Yes, it can be changed.
• What is a constant in programming?

  A named memory location used to temporarily store a single value
• What does a constant temporarily store?

  A single value
• Can the value of a constant be changed while the program is running?

  No, it cannot be changed
• What happens to the value of a constant during program execution?

  It remains unchanged
• What does a data type describe?

  It describes the characteristics of a data item.
• How does a data type influence data operations?

  It determines the kind of operations that can be carried out on data.
• Which operations can you perform on an integer?

  You can perform mathematical operations.
• Which operations can you perform on a float?

  You can perform mathematical operations.
• What operation can you perform on a string?


  You can perform concatenation.
• What does hardware refer to in computing?

  Physical components of a computer.
• What is a peripheral device?

  A computing device responsible for input, output, and/or secondary storage.
• What is an input device?

  A peripheral device used to enter data into a computer.
• What is an output device?

  A peripheral device that shares data processed by a computer with users.
• What is software?

  Programs written in programming languages that run on computing systems.
• What is a general-purpose computer?

  A computer capable of running many different programs, typically simultaneously.
• What is an embedded system?

  A small low-cost computing system built into a larger device to perform specific tasks.
• What are the benefits of embedded systems?

  Speed, reliability, easy and cheap to manufacture, and low power consumption.
• What is main memory also known as?

  RAM (Random Access Memory).
• What is secondary storage?

  Long-term, non-volatile storage of programs and data.
• What is the role of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

  Responsible for processing instructions using the Fetch-Execute Cycle.
• What is the Fetch-Execute Cycle?

  A continuous process performed by the CPU to fetch, decode, and execute instructions.