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AQA Science
Chemistry
P2.Chemical Analysis
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Created by
Alex Mendez
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Cards (46)
What is a pure substance in chemistry?
A single
element
or
compound
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How do pure substances behave at melting and boiling points?
They melt and boil at specific
temperatures
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How can melting point and boiling point data be used?
To distinguish
pure
from
impure
substances
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What is a formulation?
A
mixture
designed as a useful product
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Why are formulations mixed in measured quantities?
To ensure required
properties
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Name two examples of
formulations.
Fuels and medicines
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What does chromatography separate?
Mixtures of
substances
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What are the two phases involved in chromatography?
Stationary phase
and
mobile phase
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What does the Rf value represent in chromatography?
The ratio of distances moved by
substances
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How can Rf values help in chromatography?
To identify
compounds
in mixtures
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What happens to a pure compound in chromatography?
It produces a
single spot
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How is hydrogen gas tested?
Using a
burning
splint
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What indicates the presence of hydrogen gas?
A pop sound when
burned
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How is oxygen gas tested?
Using a
glowing
splint
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What happens to a glowing splint in oxygen?
It
relights
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What is the test for carbon dioxide?
Using
limewater
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What occurs when carbon dioxide is bubbled through limewater?
Limewater turns
milky
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How is chlorine gas tested?
Using damp
litmus paper
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What happens to damp litmus paper in chlorine?
It bleaches and turns white
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What can flame tests identify?
Some
metal ions
(cations)
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What color flame does lithium produce?
Crimson
flame
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What color flame does sodium produce?
Yellow flame
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What color flame does potassium produce?
Lilac
flame
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What color flame does calcium produce?
Orange-red
flame
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What color flame does copper produce?
Green flame
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What happens to flame colors in a mixture of ions?
Some colors can be
masked
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What can sodium hydroxide solution identify?
Some
metal ions
(
cations
)
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What precipitate forms with aluminium ions in sodium hydroxide?
White
precipitate
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What happens to aluminium hydroxide precipitate in excess sodium hydroxide?
It
dissolves
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What color precipitate does copper(II) ions form with sodium hydroxide?
Blue
precipitate
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What color precipitate does iron(II) ions form with sodium hydroxide?
Green
precipitate
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What color precipitate does iron(III) ions form with sodium hydroxide?
Brown
precipitate
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What do carbonates produce when reacting with dilute acids?
Carbon dioxide
gas
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How can carbon dioxide be identified?
With
limewater
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What do halide ions produce with silver nitrate?
Precipitates
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What color precipitate does silver chloride produce?
White
precipitate
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What color precipitate does silver bromide produce?
Cream
precipitate
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What color precipitate does silver iodide produce?
Yellow
precipitate
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What do sulfate ions produce with barium chloride?
A white
precipitate
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What is the advantage of instrumental methods over chemical tests?
They are
accurate
, sensitive, and rapid
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