Politcal ops

• WHo were the Populist

  • The populists
  • challange Tsarist policy by educating the peasants + promoting socailism
  • Lenin was heavily inspired by them
• Who were the Land and LIberty and The peoples will?

  • 1878 + 1879
  • Groups that aimed to ignite revolution through terrorist action
  • assassination of Tsar (1881 A2)
• Who were the Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs)

  formed in 1901

  • focus on impoving the living conditions of the poorest in society

  1905 split

  MORE RADICAL LEFT WING VS RIGHT

  • repsonsible for 2000 poltical killings (1901-1905)
  • LARGEST THREAT TO TSARS
• Who were the Social democrats?

  1898

  • inpsired by Marx
  • encourage working class consciousness
• Who were the Liberals?

  • wanted russia to be governened similar to West Europe
  • Supported the idea of Zemstva
• Who were significant leaders? pre 1917?

  • Lenin (SDs / Bolsheviks)
  • Plekhanov (SDs)
• Success of OPS 


  Wanted end to Romanovs and implementation of a republic

  • Peoples will succesful in assassinating A2
  • Radical opposition from Bolsheviks brough end to the Dynasty w the abdication +murder of N2 in 1918
• What example fo Politcal ops are there during Krushchevs reign?

  Krushchevs poor response to the Cuband Missile Crisis

  • 1964 deposed
  • By being politcally isolated no support from the Presidium or in the Central Committee LED BY BREZNEV
• How did Lenin successfully remove Politcal ops?

  1921 Decree on Party unity

  • removed all other parties
  • removed threat of factions
• Who were obvious successful Politcal parties?

  Provisional Gov

  Bolsheviks

  • Both had sole power over russia
  • However Bolsheviks for a considerably longer time
• What were some of the successes of the Bolsheviks?

  • Seized power
  • Able to withdraw Russia from WW1 successfully
  • defeating enemies during the civil war
• How many votes did the SRs win during the elections of 1917?

  • SRs= 17,490,000
  • Bolsheviks = 9,844,000
  • National minority groups = 8,257,000
• Who were and what was The United Opposition Group?

  Trosky + stalins exs Kamenev and Zinoviev

  • opposition to NEP
  • demanded for more FoS
  • All excluded from Politburo
  • 1927 trotsky expelled, then to Kazakhstan
  • 1929 expelled from USSR
• How did Stalin deal with ops?

  Purges 1930s

  • 1/3 of membership were seen as resisting the pace of industrilisation and collectivisation
  • Mid 30s = oppositionists