Psychological problems

• Who conducted the study on Facebook use, envy, and depression among college students?

  Tandoc, Ferrucci, and Duffy
• What was the main focus of the study conducted by Tandoc, Ferrucci, and Duffy?

  To investigate the relationship between Facebook use, envy, and depression
• What was the hypothesis regarding Facebook users in the study?(Tandoc)

  Heavy Facebook users would report higher levels of jealousy than light users
• What was found regarding the size of a person's network of friends and envy?(Tandoc)

  The size of a person's network of friends was not related to envy
• What method was used to collect data in the study?(Tandoc)

  Self-reported anonymous survey
• How many students participated in the study?(Tandoc)

  854 students
• What was the average age of participants in the study?(Tandoc)

  The average age was 19
• What type of scale was used in the online questionnaire?(Tandoc)

  A Likert scale
• What was the conclusion regarding Facebook use and depression?(Tandoc)

  Facebook use does not directly lead to depression
• What did the study find about Facebook surveillance?(Tandoc)

  Facebook surveillance can lessen feelings of depression if it does not lead to envy
• What are the key points of the Social Rank Theory regarding depression?

  • Depression helps individuals adapt and survive after a loss
  • It prevents aspirations for higher status
  • It reduces conflict by accepting lower social ranks
  • It allows losers to maintain a place in society
• What do Stevens and Price suggest about the purpose of depression?

  Depression has evolved to help people adapt and survive
• How does social rank theory explain the reaction to losing a competition?

  It suggests that depression helps individuals come to terms with their loss
• What does social rank theory suggest about accepting a lower position?

  It helps to stop conflict and maintain social order
• Why is yielding to winners considered beneficial in evolutionary terms?(Social rank theory)

  It allows losers to maintain a place in society and ensures survival
• What criticisms are associated with the social rank theory?

  It is reductionist and fails to consider life events contributing to depression
• Who are the evolutionary psychologists mentioned in the study?(Social rank theory)

  Anthony Stevens and John Price
• What does social rank theory prevent individuals from doing after a loss?

  It prevents individuals from aspiring to achieve a higher status
• What is the evolutionary function of depression according to Stevens and Price?

  It allows individuals to cope with loss and reduces ambitions
• How does social rank theory relate to workplace dynamics?

  It helps maintain status and reduces conflict in the workplace
• What is the impact of being unpopular and losing rank according to the theory?

  It is preferable to being ejected from the group entirely
• What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?

  Hallucinations, thought disturbances, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, and delusions
• What is the dopamine hypothesis in relation to schizophrenia?

  High levels of dopamine lead to brain dysfunction and symptoms of schizophrenia
• What is the social drift theory in relation to schizophrenia?

  Social drift can worsen schizophrenia due to stigma and decreased social support
• What are the limitations of the biological theory of schizophrenia?

  It ignores the importance of upbringing and life events
• What is the definition of clinical depression?

  A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness
• What are the symptoms of clinical depression?

  Low mood, hopelessness, loss of interest, no motivation, suicidal thoughts, and sleep disturbances
• What is the social rank theory in relation to depression?

  Loss of confidence can lead to depression and acceptance of a subordinate role
• What is Ellis's ABC model in relation to depression?

  Depression results from an activating event, irrational beliefs, and negative consequences
• What are the limitations of the social rank theory of depression?

  It ignores biological factors and other life events
• How do anti-depressant drugs help treat depression?

  They increase neurotransmitters to help people feel less sad
• How do anti-psychotic drugs help treat schizophrenia?

  They block dopamine receptors to reduce symptoms of psychosis
• What was the aim of Daniels et al.'s (1991) study?

  To see whether amphetamines affect PFC and WCST performance
• What research method did Daniels et al. use?

  Lab experiment
• What procedure was followed in Daniels et al.'s study?

  Participants received amphetamine or placebo and completed the WCST
• What were the findings of Daniels et al.'s study?

  Amphetamines increased the ability of the prefrontal cortex to focus on the WCST
• What are the limitations of Daniels et al.'s study?

  The sample was too small and cannot be generalized
• What was the aim of Tandoc et al.'s (2015) study?

  To see whether Facebook use predicted depression
• What was the sample size in Tandoc et al.'s study?

  854 university students
• What research method did Tandoc et al. use?

  Questionnaire (online survey)