Brain and Neuropsychology

• What is associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

  Low levels of activity in the frontal lobe
• How are cognitive deficits related to schizophrenia?

  They are linked to low frontal lobe activity
• What does the Dispositional Factors theory suggest about the frontal lobe?

  It is responsible for morality
• What is the consequence of damage to the frontal lobe according to the Dispositional Factors theory?

  Low levels of morality
• What type of amnesia is the frontal lobe responsible for?

  Retrograde amnesia
• What does Eysenck's Criminal Personality theory suggest about the ANS?

  It is overactive in neurotic individuals
• How does an overactive ANS affect the limbic system during stress?

  It causes quick responses but slow recovery
• Why are neurotics more likely to commit violent crime according to Eysenck's theory?

  Due to their overactive stress response
• What is the role of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)?

  It receives light information from the eyes
• What happens when the SCN is damaged?

  People's sleep-wake cycle is disrupted
• What does the pineal gland release when it is dark?

  Melatonin
• What is the consequence of the pineal gland not releasing melatonin?

  Disruption of the sleep-wake cycle
• What does the Activation Synthesis theory describe?

  How the pons activates the cerebral cortex
• What does the pons do at night according to Activation Synthesis theory?

  Randomly activates to send messages
• What happens if the pons is damaged?

  It may impact dream activation
• What are the executive functions of the PFC?

  Thinking and problem solving
• What did Daniel et al.'s (1991) study find about schizophrenia?

  Less activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
• How does an overactive temporal lobe relate to schizophrenia?

  It processes too much auditory information
• What positive symptom of schizophrenia is linked to the temporal lobe?

  Auditory hallucinations
• What could explain hearing voices in schizophrenia?

  An overactive temporal lobe processing
• Low volume in the hippocampus is related with a low self esteem, which may lead to a higher conformity causing an individual to partake in anti social behaviour to gain approval from others
• Damage to the prefrontal cortex is linked with faulty moral reasoning which would make someone more likely to partake in anti-social behaviour