Cognitive Practical

• What is the aim of the cognitive practical study?

  To investigate the effect of distraction tasks
• What is the independent variable (IV) in the study?

  Type of distraction task (visual or verbal)
• What is the dependent variable (DV) in the study?

  The amount of words recalled out of 15
• How many participants were involved in the study?

  20 participants
• What was the average age of the participants?

  16 years old
• What sampling method was used to gather participants?

  Opportunity sample from a psychology class
• What design was used in the study?

  Independent measures design
• What tasks were participants assigned to in the study?

  Visual distractor task or verbal distractor task
• How long were participants read the words for?

  1 minute
• What type of distractor tasks were used?

  Word search or spot the differences
• How long did participants have to complete the distractor task?

  2 minutes
• What did participants do after the distractor task?

  Recall as many words as possible
• What statistical analysis was calculated in the study?

  Mann Whitney U test
• What are the strengths of the study?

  • Quantitative data allows statistical analysis
  • Independent measures eliminate order effects
  • Standardized tasks enhance reliability
  • Ethical considerations were followed
• What are the weaknesses of the study?

  • Small, opportunity sample limits generalizability
  • Individual differences may affect results
  • Low ecological validity and mundane realism
• How does the independent measures design affect the study's validity?

  It reduces order effects, enhancing validity
• Why is the sample size a concern for generalizability?

  It may not represent a wider population
• What impact do individual differences have on the study's findings?

  They may skew results on memory recall
• Why is the study considered low in ecological validity?

  Tasks do not reflect real-world memory use
• How could the study be improved for better generalizability?

  By using a larger and more diverse sample
• What could be a more realistic task for testing memory?

  Using everyday items or experiences