PHENYLAMINE

• HOW IS PHENYLAMINE PRODUCED?

  in industry using benzene from crude oil
• STAGE 1?

  • benzene reacted with mixture of concentrated nitric acid (reactant) and concentrated sulfuric acid (catalyst)
  • produces nitrobenzene
• STAGE 2?

  • nitrobenzene reduced to phenylamine
  • using tin and hydrochloric acid as a reducing agent
  • react to form hydrogen
  • which reduces nitrobenzene by removing O atoms of NO2
  • replacing with H atoms
  • at room temperature
• REACTION OF STAGE 2?

  C6H5NO2 + 6[H] -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O
• SECOND PART OF STAGE 2?

  • reaction carried out in hydrochloric acid
  • so a salt (C6H5NH3+Cl-) formed
  • NaOH added to liberate amine
• REACTION FOR SECOND PART OF STAGE 2?

  C6H5NH3+Cl- + NaOH -> C6H5NH2 + H2O + NaCl