Parthenon

Cards (53)

  • What was part of Perikles’ building programme in the 450-440s BC?
    The Parthenon
  • Where is the Parthenon located?
    On the acropolis, visible to all
  • What was the acropolis already a sanctuary for?
    Athena
  • Name one structure already present on the acropolis before the Parthenon.
    Athena Nike
  • What is located between the Parthenon and the Erechtheion?
    An altar to Athena Polias
  • What are the dimensions of the Parthenon?
    69.5 m by 30.9 m
  • What is the orientation of the Parthenon?
    East to west
  • What architectural features does the Parthenon have?
    3 stepped base, colonnade, naos, opisthodomos
  • What type of frieze is around the naos of the Parthenon?
    Ionic frieze
  • What significant scene is depicted on the Ionic frieze?
    Panathenaic procession
  • Who are depicted in the Panathenaic procession on the frieze?
    Elders of Athens, horsemen, musicians
  • What does the Doric frieze outside the Parthenon depict?
    Centauromachy and others
  • What theme does the centauromachy represent on the Doric frieze?
    Defeat of civilization over barbarism
  • What was housed in the opisthodomos of the Parthenon?
    Athenian treasury
  • How tall was the statue made by Pheidias in the naos?
    13 m
  • What materials were used for the statue made by Pheidias?
    Gold and ivory
  • What type of stone was used for the Parthenon?
    Marble, specifically Parian marble
  • What are the themes depicted in the pediments of the Parthenon?
    Birth of Athena and contest for naming Athens
  • What do the metopes of the Parthenon depict?
    Centauromachy, amazonomachy, gigantomachy, battle of Troy
  • What does the artwork on the Parthenon signify about Athens?
    Greatness of Athens and links to gods
  • What was the Parthenon part of?
    The sanctuary of Athena on the Acropolis
  • What was the focus of worship in the Acropolis complex?
    Worship of Athena
  • What statue was prominently displayed at the Acropolis?
    Athena Promachos
  • What does the name 'Promachos' signify in Greek?
    'To go before' in battle
  • Where was the small temple of Athena Nike located?
    In the south-eastern corner
  • What was the Parthenon dedicated to?
    Athena Parthenos (the Virgin)
  • What was the purpose of the altar to Athena Polias?
    It was used for sacrifices
  • What are the dimensions of the Parthenon?
    69.5 metres long and 30.9 metres wide
  • What are the similarities of the Parthenon with standard Greek temples?
    • Orientated east to west
    • Stood on a three-stepped base
    • Surrounded by a colonnade
    • Had a naos and opisthodomos
  • What unique feature did the Parthenon have in its design?
    Another row of columns behind the façade
  • What type of frieze did the Parthenon include?
    An Ionic frieze
  • How long was the Ionic frieze around the Parthenon?
    165 metres
  • What was the purpose of the Ionic frieze in the Parthenon?
    To increase the grandeur of the building
  • What was housed in the Erechtheion?
    A small wooden statue of Athena
  • What was the Parthenon part of?
    The sanctuary of Athena on the Acropolis
  • What was the huge statue on the Acropolis called?
    Athena Promachos
  • What was the small temple in the south-eastern corner of the Acropolis called?
    Athena Nike
  • What was the temple to the north of the Parthenon called?
    Erechtheion
  • What was the Parthenon dedicated to?
    Athena Parthenos (the Virgin)
  • What stood on the eastern side of the Acropolis between the Erechtheion and Parthenon?
    Altar to Athena Polias