Factors affecting the rate of reaction

• What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Temperature, concentration, pressure, surface area, catalyst
• What is the theory behind chemical reactions called?

  Collision theory
• What must particles do to react according to collision theory?

  Collide with sufficient energy
• What is the term for the minimum energy required for a successful collision?

  Activation energy
• What happens if particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?

  They bounce apart without reacting
• What two main factors determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

  Energy of particles and collision frequency
• How does increasing the energy of particles affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the likelihood of surpassing activation energy
• What does a higher frequency of collisions lead to in a chemical reaction?

  More successful collisions overall
• How does temperature affect the movement of particles in a reaction?

  Particles move faster at higher temperatures
• What happens to the rate of successful collisions as temperature increases?

  The rate of successful collisions increases
• How are concentration and pressure related to the rate of reaction?

  Both increase the number of particles per volume
• What is the effect of higher surface area on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• If three grams of magnesium are used, which form has the highest surface area?

  Powdered magnesium
• What is a catalyst?

  A substance that speeds up a reaction
• How do catalysts affect activation energy?

  They lower the activation energy
• What do catalysts provide to lower activation energy?

  An alternative reaction pathway
• What is one common source of catalysts?

  Transition metals like cobalt and nickel
• What are enzymes in biological systems?

  Catalysts made by living organisms
• What are the four main factors affecting the rate of chemical reactions?

  • Temperature
  • Concentration
  • Pressure
  • Surface area
  • Presence of a catalyst
• How do temperature, concentration, pressure, and surface area affect the rate of reaction?

  • Increase energy of particles
  • Increase frequency of collisions
  • Lead to more successful collisions
• What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

  • Speeds up the reaction
  • Lowers activation energy
  • Provides an alternative pathway
• What is the relationship between surface area and reaction rate using magnesium as an example?

  • Higher surface area increases collision frequency
  • Powdered magnesium reacts faster than solid blocks
• What is the significance of activation energy in chemical reactions?

  • Minimum energy required for successful collisions
  • Determines whether a reaction will occur