Localisation of function in the brain

    Cards (45)

    • Who discovered that specific areas of the brain are associated with functions?
      Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke
    • What did Broca and Wernicke argue against?
      The holistic theory of the brain
    • What is the term for the idea that different brain parts perform different tasks?
      Localisation of function
    • What happens if a certain area of the brain is damaged?
      The function associated with that area is affected
    • What is the outer layer of both hemispheres called?
      Cerebral cortex
    • How is the cortex of both hemispheres subdivided?
      Into four lobes
    • What are the four lobes of the brain?
      Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
    • What is a lobe in the context of the brain?
      A part of an organ that is separate
    • What does each lobe in the brain associate with?
      Different functions
    • Where is the motor area located?
      Back of the frontal lobe
    • What does the motor area control?
      Voluntary movement in the opposite body side
    • What may result from damage to the motor area?
      Loss of control over fine movements
    • Where is the somatosensory area located?
      Front of both parietal lobes
    • What separates the somatosensory area from the motor area?
      A valley called the central sulcus
    • What type of information does the somatosensory area represent?
      Sensory information from the skin
    • What does the amount of somatosensory area devoted to a body part indicate?
      Its sensitivity
    • Which body parts occupy over half of the somatosensory area?
      Face and hands
    • Where is the visual area located?
      In the occipital lobe
    • How does each eye send information to the visual cortex?
      Right visual field to left cortex, vice versa
    • What can damage to the left hemisphere cause?
      Blindness in part of the right visual field
    • What area do the temporal lobes house?
      Auditory area
    • What does the auditory area analyze?
      Speech-based information
    • What may result from damage to the auditory area?
      Partial hearing loss
    • How does the extent of damage to the auditory area affect hearing loss?
      The more extensive the damage, the more loss
    • What specific area in the temporal lobe affects language comprehension?
      Wernicke's area
    • What effect does damage to Wernicke's area have?
      Affects ability to comprehend language
    • Which hemisphere is language primarily restricted to in most people?
      Left hemisphere
    • Who identified Broca's area?
      Paul Broca
    • What is the function of Broca's area?
      Responsible for speech production
    • What is Broca's aphasia characterized by?
      Slow, laborious speech lacking fluency
    • What was the name of Broca's most famous patient?
      Tan
    • What difficulties do people with Broca's aphasia face?
      Difficulty with prepositions and conjunctions
    • Who was describing language understanding issues around the same time as Broca?
      Karl Wernicke
    • What is the main issue faced by individuals with Wernicke's aphasia?
      Severe difficulties understanding language
    • What is Wernicke's area responsible for?
      Language understanding
    • How does Wernicke's aphasia differ from Broca's aphasia?
      Wernicke's aphasia has fluent but meaningless speech
    • What do people with Wernicke's aphasia often produce?
      Nonsense words (neologisms)
    • In which lobe is Wernicke's area located?
      Left temporal lobe
    • Localisation of function is the theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for specific behaviours, processes or activities.
    • the motor area is a region of the frontal lobe involved in regulating movement
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